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Volume 32, Number 1—January 2026

Research

Reduced Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations in Infants after Universal Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization, Italy, 2024–25

Simone Villa1Comments to Author , Simona Scarioni1, Enrico Pigozzi, Manuel Maffeo, Mauro Maistrello, Giorgio Bagarella, Francesco Scovenna, Federica Morani, Marlen Romano, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Massimo Agosti, Catia Borriello, Elena Pariani, Guido Bertolaso, Luigi Vezzosi, Fausto Baldanti, Mario Melazzini, Elena Azzolini, Gabriele del Castillo2, Danilo Cereda2, and Regional Immunization Council3
Author affiliation: Directorate General for Health, Lombardy Region, Milan, Italy (S. Villa, S. Scarioni, E. Pigozzi, M. Maffeo, M. Maistrello, G. Bagarella, F. Scovenna, F. Morani, C. Borriello, G. Bertolaso, L. Vezzosi, M. Melazzini, G. del Castillo, D. Cereda); University of Milan, Milan (S. Villa, S. Scarioni, E. Pigozzi, F. Scovenna, G. Zuccotti, E. Pariani); Regional Company for Innovation and Purchasing Aria S.p.A., Milan (M. Romano); Buzzi Children’s Hospital, Milan (G. Zuccotti); Hospital “F. Del Ponte,” University of Insubria, Varese, Italy (M. Agosti); Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy (F. Baldanti); University of Pavia, Pavia (F. Baldanti); Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy (E. Azzolini)

Main Article

Figure 3

Comparison of cumulative EDVs (A) and hospitalizations (B) for lower respiratory tract infections among children <12 months of age from winter season 2018–19 to 2024–25 in study of reduced EDVs and hospitalizations in infants after universal respiratory syncytial virus immunization, Italy. To enable comparison between different epidemic years, a season was defined as the period going from the 35th week of 1 year to the end of the 34th week of the following year, covering the entire winter epidemic and accounting for shifts in its onset and conclusion. Pre-COVID and post-COVID seasons are colored in different shades of blue and red. EDV, emergency department visit.

Figure 3. Comparison of cumulative EDVs (A) and hospitalizations (B) for lower respiratory tract infections among children <12 months of age from winter season 2018–19 to 2024–25 in study of reduced EDVs and hospitalizations in infants after universal respiratory syncytial virus immunization, Italy. To enable comparison between different epidemic years, a season was defined as the period going from the 35th week of 1 year to the end of the 34th week of the following year, covering the entire winter epidemic and accounting for shifts in its onset and conclusion. Pre-COVID and post-COVID seasons are colored in different shades of blue and red. EDV, emergency department visit.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article and share first authorship.

2These authors contributed equally to this article and share last authorship.

3Members of the Regional Immunization Council are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: December 13, 2025
Page updated: January 29, 2026
Page reviewed: January 29, 2026
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