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Volume 32, Number 2—February 2026

Research

Pulmonary Complications in Fatal Yellow Fever, Brazil, 2017–2019

Amaro N. Duarte-NetoComments to Author , Katia C. Dantas, Suzette C. Ferreira, Fernando R. Giugni, Marielton P. Cunha, Shahab Z. Pour, Felipe L. Ledesma, Yeh-Li Ho, Ana C.S. Nastri, Cinthya S.C. Borges, Fernanda A. Rodrigues, Ceila M.S. Malaque, Jaques Sztajnbok, Thais Mauad, Luiz F.F. Silva, Paulo H.N. Saldiva, and Marisa Dolhnikoff
Author affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (A.N. Duarte-Neto, K.C. Dantas, F.R. Giugni, M.P. Cunha, S.Z. Pour, F.L. Ledesma, Y.-L. Ho, A.C.S. Nastri, F.A. Rodrigues, T. Mauad, L.F.F. Silva, P.H.N. Saldiva, M. Dolhnikoff); Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo (S.C. Ferreira); Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo (C.S.C. Borges); Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo (C.M.S. Malaque, J. Sztajnbok).

Main Article

Figure 1

Macroscopic images of respiratory tract from patients with fatal yellow fever, São Paulo, Brazil, 2017–2019. A) Hemorrhagic necrosis of tracheal mucosa, covered with a thick whitish exudate (arrow), caused by Candida spp. invasive infection. B) Petechial pleural hemorrhage. C) Intense parenchymal edema and hemorrhage in the right lung, with massive gastrointestinal content aspiration in the posterior side (red arrow). D) Right lung with icterus, edema, hemorrhage, perivascular hemorrhage (blue arrow), and whitish exudate within bronchus (green arrow) caused by Aspergillus spp. infection.

Figure 1. Macroscopic images of respiratory tract from patients with fatal yellow fever, São Paulo, Brazil, 2017–2019. A) Hemorrhagic necrosis of tracheal mucosa, covered with a thick whitish exudate (arrow), caused by Candida spp. invasive infection. B) Petechial pleural hemorrhage. C) Intense parenchymal edema and hemorrhage in the right lung, with massive gastrointestinal content aspiration in the posterior side (red arrow). D) Right lung with icterus, edema, hemorrhage, perivascular hemorrhage (blue arrow), and whitish exudate within bronchus (green arrow) caused by Aspergillus spp. infection.

Main Article

Page created: January 20, 2026
Page updated: February 15, 2026
Page reviewed: February 15, 2026
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