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Volume 32, Number 3—March 2026

Research

Seroincidence Rate of Typhoidal Salmonella in Children, Kenya, 2017–2018

Aslam KhanComments to Author , Polina Kamenskaya, Izabela Rezende, Francis M. Mutuku, Bryson Ndenga, Zainab Jembe, Priscilla Maina, Philip Chebii, Charles Ronga, Victoria Okuta, Denise O. Garrett, Donal Bisanzio, Kristen Aiemjoy, Jason R. Andrews, A. Desiree LaBeaud1, and Richelle Charles1
Author affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA (A. Khan, I. Rezende, J.R. Andrews, D. LaBeaud); Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P. Kamenskaya, R. Charles); Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya (F.M. Mutuku); Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (B. Ndenga, C. Ronga, V. Okuta); Msambweni County Referral Hospital, Msambweni, Kenya (Z. Jembe, P. Maina, P. Chebii); Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, USA (D.O. Garrett); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA (D. Bisanzio); University of California, Davis, California, USA (K. Aiemjoy); Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (K. Aiemjoy); Harvard Medical School, Boston (R. Charles); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (R. Charles)

Main Article

Figure 4

Typhoidal Salmonella seroincidence by site characteristics in study of typhoidal Salmonella in children, Kenya, 2017–2018. A) Seroincidence by water source. B) Seroincidence stratified by wealth. C) Seroincidence stratified by population density. D) Seroincidence by latrine type. Dots represent medians; error bars indicate 95% CIs. PCA, principal component analysis.

Figure 4. Typhoidal Salmonella seroincidence by site characteristics in study of typhoidal Salmonella in children, Kenya, 2017–2018. A) Seroincidence by water source. B) Seroincidence stratified by wealth. C) Seroincidence stratified by population density. D) Seroincidence by latrine type. Dots represent medians; error bars indicate 95% CIs. PCA, principal component analysis.

Main Article

1These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: February 13, 2026
Page updated: March 05, 2026
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