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Volume 32, Number 3—March 2026

Research

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Seroprevalence among Urban Pregnant Women and Newborns, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 2021

Dustin D. Flannery1Comments to Author , Caitlin M. Cossaboom1, Timothy D. Flietstra, Alvaro Zevallos Barboza, Heather H. Burris, Karen M. Puopolo, Aridth Gibbons, Deborah L. Cannon, Inna Krapiunaya, Leanna Sayyad, Katrin S. Sadigh, Kami Smith, Joel M. Montgomery, Trevor Shoemaker, John D. Klena, and Scott M. Gordon
Author affiliation: Author affiliations: Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (D.D. Flannery, A. Zevallos Barboza, H.H, Burris, K.M. Puopolo, S.M. Gordon); University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (D.D. Flannery, H.H. Burris, K.M. Puopolo, S.M. Gordon); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (C.M. Cossaboom, T.D. Flietsra, A. Gibbons, D.L. Cannon, I. Krapiunaya, L. Sayyad, K.S. Sadigh, K. Smith, J.M. Montgomery, T. Shoemaker, J.D. Klena)

Main Article

Table 2

Demographic and clinical characteristics of maternal patients in a study of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus seroprevalence among urban pregnant women and newborns, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 2021*

Characteristic
 No. seropositive (%) [95% CI]
 p value
Maternal age range, y
14–23, n = 246 4 (1.6) [0.44–4.11] 0.2488
24–34, n = 570 19 (3.3) [2.02–5.16] Referent
35–49, n = 184
 2 (1.1) [0.13–3.87]
 0.1268
Prepregnancy BMI†
Underweight, BMI <18.5, n = 26 0 [0–10.88] NA
Normal, BMI 18.5 to <25.0, n = 332 4 (1.2) [0.33–3.06] 0.3344
Overweight, BMI 25.0 to <30.0, n = 240 6 (2.5) [0.92–5.36] Referent
Obese, BMI >30.0, n = 381
 14 (3.7) [2.02–6.09]
 0.4905
Group B Streptococcus status
Positive, n = 295 4 (1.4) [0.37–3.43] 0.1695
Negative, n = 593 17 (2.9) [1.68–4.55] Referent
Unknown, n = 112
 4 (3.6) [0.98–8.89]
 0.7600
Live-born infant
Y, n = 995 25 (2.5) [1.63–3.69] Referent
N, n = 5
 0 [0–45.07]
 NA
Gestational age at delivery
<37 weeks, n = 108 3 (2.8) [0.58–7.90] 0.7836
>37 weeks, n = 892
 22 (2.5) [1.55–3.71]
 Referent
Birth hospital
Pennsylvania Hospital, n = 504 17 (3.4) [1.98–5.35] Referent
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, n = 496
 8 (1.6) [0.70–3.15]
 0.1036
Race‡
Black, n = 655 22 (3.3) [2.12–5.04] Referent
White, n = 243 1 (0.4) [0.01–2.27] 0.0086
Other, n = 86
 1 (1.2) [0.03–6.31]
 0.7154
Ethnicity§
Hispanic, n = 153 7 (2.9) [1.17–5.84] Referent
Non-Hispanic, n = 837
 16 (1.9) [1.10–3.09]
 0.0712
Neighborhood deprivation¶
Q1, least deprived, n = 75 0 [0–3.92] 0.2406
Q2, n = 75 2 (2.7) [0.32–9.30] 1.0
Q3, n = 75 2 (2.7) [0.32–9.30] 1.0
Q4, most deprived, n = 75 21 (2.7) [1.68–4.11] Referent

*BMI, body mass index; NA, not applicable. †Excludes 21 unknown, of which 1 was positive (not represented in table). ‡Excludes 16 unknown, of which 1 was positive (not represented in table). §Excludes 10 unknown, of which 2 were positive (not represented in table). ¶Neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level calculated by using the Community Deprivation Index (17,18). Scores are divided into 4 quartiles from least deprived (Q1) to most deprived (Q4). Scores are as follows: Q1 is <0.324; Q2 is 0.324–0.449; Q3 is 0.45–0.579; and Q4 is >0.58.

Main Article

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1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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