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Volume 32, Number 5—May 2026

Dispatch

Severe Respiratory Illness and Death Associated with Outbreak of Human Rhinovirus B14 among Older Adults, France, 2024

Julien Andreani, Céline Boschi, Anne Decoppet, Jeremy Delerce, Gwilherm Penant, Aylin Karadeniz, Clio Grimaldier, Priscilla Jardot, Laure Zangoli, Maud Mandy, Nicole Vigroux, Florent Polesso, Sophie Edouard, Philippe Cano, Jean-Christophe Lagier, Bernard La ScolaComments to Author , and Philippe ColsonComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Institut hospitalo-universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France (J. Andreani, C. Boschi, J. Delerce, G. Penant, A. Karadeniz, C. Grimaldier, P. Jardot, S. Edouard, J.-C. Lagier, B. La Scola, P. Colson); Aix-Marseille University, Marseille (J. Andreani, C. Boschi, J. Delerce, S. Edouard, J.-C. Lagier, B. La Scola, P. Colson); Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille (J. Andreani, C. Boschi, G. Penant, A. Karadeniz, C. Grimaldier, P. Jardot, J.-C. Lagier, B. La Scola, P. Colson); Agence Régionale de la Santé Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur, Marseille (A. Decoppet, P. Cano); Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Brignoles–Le Luc, Brignoles, France (L. Zangoli, M. Mandy, F. Polesso); Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Eurofins, Garéoult, France (N. Vigroux)

Main Article

Table

Clinical outcomes and results of molecular testing of nasopharyngeal swab samples collected in a study of severe respiratory illness and death associated with outbreak of HRV-B14 among older adults, France, 2024*

Pt. no. Sample no. Biofire qPCR† FTD multiplex qPCR (Ct)‡ Shotgun mNGS
 Probe-based mNGS; % coverage§ VP1 genotype Hospitalized; clinical outcome
First batch Second batch
1
 1
 HRV
 –
 HRV-B14; 2 reads
 ND
 HRV-B14; 73
 HRV-B14
 N; recovered
2
 NS
 ND
 ND
 ND
 ND
 ND
 ND
 Y; died
3
 3
 HRV
 HRV (31)
 HRV-B14; 13 reads
 ND
 HRV-B14; 81
 HRV-B14
 N; recovered
4
 7
 HRV
 –
 ND
 No HRV detected
 ND
 ND
 N; died
5
 8
 –
 –
 ND
 No HRV detected
 ND
 –
 N; recovered
6#
 9
 HRV
 –
 ND
 No HRV detected
 HRV-B14; 13
 –
 Y; died
7
 14
 HRV
 ND
 ND
 No HRV detected
 ND
 ND
 N; recovered
8
 15
 HRV
 HRV (31)
 No HRV detected
 ND
 HRV-B14; 43
 HRV-B14
 Y; died
9** 18 HRV – No HRV detected ND ND – Y; recovered
22 – – ND No HRV detected ND ND
23
 HRV
 –
 ND
 ND
 ND
 ND
10 24 HRV – ND No HRV detected ND – N; recovered
28
 –
 –
 ND
 No HRV detected
 ND
 ND
11††
 29
 –
 –
 No HRV detected
 ND
 ND
 –
 N; recovered
12 30 HRV HRV (33) No HRV detected ND HRV-B14; 32 HRV-B14 N; recovered
34
 HRV
 HRV (34)
 ND
 No HRV detected
 ND
 ND
13 35 HRV – ND No HRV detected ND – N; recovered
39 HRV – ND No HRV detected ND ND
40
 –
 –
 ND
 ND
 ND
 ND
14 42 – – ND No HRV detected ND – Y; recovered

*Ct, cycle threshold; HRV, human rhinovirus; mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing; ND, not done; NS, no sample; Pt., patient; qPCR, quantitative PCR; VP1, viral capsid-encoding gene; –, negative. †FilmArray Respiratory Panel 2 multiplex qPCR assay (BioFire Diagnostics, https://www.biofiredx.com). ‡FTD Respiratory Pathogens 21 (Fast Track Diagnostics/Siemens Healthineers, https://www.siemens-healthineers.com). §Probe-based ± ARTIC-like viral enrichment, then mNGS. #Patient had a history of oxygen requirement and metastatic bladder cancer. **Patient was anorexic and on an intravenous drip. ††Patient had recent anorexia and cough develop.

Main Article

Page created: March 19, 2026
Page updated: May 07, 2026
Page reviewed: May 07, 2026
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