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Volume 26, Number 7—July 2020

Research

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2−Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients

Nisreen M.A. Okba1, Marcel A. Müller1, Wentao Li1, Chunyan Wang, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Victor M. Corman, Mart M. Lamers, Reina S. Sikkema, Erwin de Bruin, Felicity D. Chandler, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Quentin Le Hingrat, Diane Descamps, Nadhira Houhou-Fidouh, Chantal B.E.M. Reusken, Berend-Jan Bosch, Christian Drosten, Marion P.G. Koopmans, and Bart L. HaagmansComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (N.M.A. Okba, C.H. GeurtsvanKessel, M.M. Lamers, R.S. Sikkema, E. deBruin, F.D. Chandler, C.B.E.M. Reusken, M.P.G. Koopmans, B.L. Haagmans); Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M.A. Müller, V.M. Corman, C. Drosten); German Centre for Infection Research, Berlin (M.A. Müller, V.M. Corman, C. Drosten); Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (W. Li, C. Wang, B.-J. Bosch); Université de Paris, Paris, France (Y. Yazdanpanah, Q. Le Hingrat, D. Descamps); Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris (Y. Yazdanpanah, Q. Le Hingrat, D. Descamps, N. Houhou-Fidouh); RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (C.B.E.M. Reusken)

Main Article

Table 1

Cohorts used to validate specificity and sensitivity of assays for SARS-CoV-2*

Cohort
 Country
 Sample source
 Infection
 No. samples
 Postdiagnosis range or time
A The Netherlands Healthy blood donors (negative cohort) NA 45 NA
B
 The Netherlands
 Non-CoV respiratory infections†
 Adenovirus 5 2–4 wk
Bocavirus 2 2–4 wk
Enterovirus 2 2–4 wk
HMPV 9 2–4 wk
Influenza A 13 2–4 wk
Influenza B 6 2–4 wk
Rhinovirus 9 2–4 wk
RSV 9 2–4 wk
PIV-1 4 2–4 wk
PIV-3 4 2–4 wk
Mycoplasma pneumoniae 1 2–4 wk
CMV 5 2–4 wk
EBV
 7
 2–4 wk
C
 The Netherlands
 HCoV infections†
 α-CoV HCoV-229E 19 2 w–1 y
α-CoV HCoV-NL63 18 2 w–1 y
β-CoV HCoV-OC43
 38
 2 w–1 y
D
 The Netherlands Zoonotic CoV infections† MERS-CoV
 2 10,228 d
South Korea
5
 9 mo
E
 Hong Kong, China
 Zoonotic CoV infection†
 SARS-CoV
 2
 >14 d
F France RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections Mild infection 6‡ 3–27 d
Severe infection 4§ 6–31 d

*Cohorts A–E were used to test assay specificity; cohort F was used to test assay sensitivity. α-CoV, alphacoronavirus; β-CoV, betacoronavirus; CoV, coronavirus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HCoV, human coronavirus; HMPV, human metapneumovirus; MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome; NA, not applicable; PIV, parainfluenza virus; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; RT-PCR, reverse transcription PCR.
†Cross-reactivity.
‡Samples taken from 2 patients at different time points.
§Samples taken from 1 patient at different time points.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: April 08, 2020
Page updated: June 18, 2020
Page reviewed: June 18, 2020
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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