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Volume 27, Number 3—March 2021
Research

Foodborne Origin and Local and Global Spread of Staphylococcus saprophyticus Causing Human Urinary Tract Infections

Opeyemi U. Lawal, Maria J. Fraqueza, Ons Bouchami, Peder Worning, Mette D. Bartels, Maria L. Gonçalves, Paulo Paixão, Elsa Gonçalves, Cristina Toscano, Joanna Empel, Małgorzata Urbaś, M. Angeles Domínguez, Henrik Westh, Hermínia de Lencastre, and Maria MiragaiaComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal (O.U. Lawal, O. Bouchami, H. de Lencastre, M. Miragaia); Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal (M.J., Fraqueza); Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark (P. Worning, M.D. Bartels, H. Westh); SAMS Hospital, Lisbon (M.L. Gonçalves); Hospital da Luz, Lisbon (P. Paixão); Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon (E. Gonçalves, C. Toscano); Narodowy Instytut Leków, Warsaw, Poland (J. Empel, M. Urbaś); Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain (M.A. Domínguez); University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (H. Westh); The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA (H. de Lencastre)

Main Article

Table 2

List of lineage S genes exclusively associated with Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains in study of foodborne origin and local and global spread of human S. saprophyticus urinary tract infections *

Genes Gene predicted function Biologic function group Frequency, % Reference no.
group_5572 Phosphotransferase system, lactose/cellobiose-specific IIB subunit Sugar metabolism 99 (23)
ulaA PTS system ascorbate-specific IIC component Sugar metabolism 99 (20)
group_5955 Sugar phosphate isomerase/epimerase Sugar metabolism 26 (23)
lytN C51 family D-Ala-D-Gly carboxypeptidase Cell wall hydrolase 85 (24)
psiE Protein PsiE Phosphate starvation 22 (21)
group_1438 Arsenite methyltransferase Arsenite resistance 25 NA
dfrG Trimethoprim-resistance dihydrofolate reductase Antimicrobial resistance 18 NA
group_7190 3-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase Steroid metabolism 17 (26)
group_273 Recombinase/resolvase Mobile genetic element 69 (25)
group_2198 Putative ATPase/transposase Mobile genetic element 26 (25)
group_275 Recombinase/resolvase Mobile genetic element 21 (25)
group_355 Transposase for IS431mec Mobile genetic element 17 (25)
group_7470 Putative replication-associated protein Mobile genetic element 10 NA
group_3363 putative DoxX family membrane protein Putative functions 85 NA
mviM NADH-dependent dehydrogenase Putative functions 26 NA
nmrA Putative nmrA negative transcriptional regulator family protein Transcription 17 NA
group_7195 Amidohydrolase Hydrolase 17 NA
group_6430 Putative restriction enzyme Restriction enzyme 17 NA

*List of genes also include 84 hypothetical proteins. Bonferroni p<0.031. NA, not applicable.

Main Article

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