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Volume 27, Number 9—September 2021
Research

Reduction in Antimicrobial Use and Resistance to Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli in Broiler Chickens, Canada, 2013–2019

Laura HuberComments to Author , Agnes Agunos, Sheryl P. Gow, Carolee A. Carson, and Thomas P. Van Boeckel
Author affiliations: Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA (L. Huber); ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (L. Huber, T.P. Van Boeckel); Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada (A. Agunos, C.A. Carson); Public Health Agency of Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada (S.P. Gow); Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington, DC, USA (T.P. Van Boeckel)

Main Article

Figure 4

Mean antimicrobial use administered in ovo or subcutaneously at broiler chicken hatcheries or through feed, by isolation of bacterial species, Canada, 2013–2019. A) Salmonella; B) Escherichia coli; C) Campylobacter. Route of administration in each panel: top, in ovo or subcutaneous injections; bottom, feed. Mean antimicrobial use is color coded: lincosamides, in light blue; overall, in black; third-generation cephalosporins, in yellow; orthosomycins, in brown; penicillins, in purple; streptomycin, in cyan; and macrolides, in green. Antimicrobials are represented only if significantly (p<0.05) changing over time. The antimicrobial use trend through water is not represented because no statistically significant differences were found.

Figure 4. Mean antimicrobial use administered in ovo or subcutaneously at broiler chicken hatcheries or through feed, by isolation of bacterial species, Canada, 2013–2019. A) Salmonella; B) Escherichia coli; C) Campylobacter. Route of administration in each panel: top, in ovo or subcutaneous injections; bottom, feed. Mean antimicrobial use is color coded: lincosamides, in light blue; overall, in black; third-generation cephalosporins, in yellow; orthosomycins, in brown; penicillins, in purple; streptomycin, in cyan; and macrolides, in green. Antimicrobials are represented only if significantly (p<0.05) changing over time. The antimicrobial use trend through water is not represented because no statistically significant differences were found.

Main Article

Page created: July 14, 2021
Page updated: August 17, 2021
Page reviewed: August 17, 2021
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