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Volume 31, Number 6—June 2025
Research
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia
, Alejandra Benitez, James A. McKinnell, Reena Shah, Michael Waters, Bradley D. Hunter, Robert Jeanfreau, Larry Tsai, Margaret Neighbors, Ben Trzaskoma, Rita de Cassia Castro, and Fang Cai
Table 2
RVSF at baseline and month 12 of LOPAC study of long-term clinical outcomes of adults hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia*
| RVSF characteristics | No. participants (%) |
|
|---|---|---|
| LOPAC study, baseline | LOPAC study, month 12 | |
| Evaluable by endocardial tracing† | 74 (42.8) | 58 (33.5) |
| Normal‡ | 71 (41.0) | 56 (32.4) |
| Mildly impaired | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.2) |
| Severely impaired |
1 (0.6) |
0§ |
| Not evaluable by endocardial tracing (medical assessment only)¶ | 84 (48.6) | 59 (34.1) |
| Normal‡ | 71 (41.0) | 42 (24.3) |
| Mildly impaired | 8 (4.6) | 11 (6.4) |
| Severely impaired |
0 |
0 |
| Total evaluable | 158 (91.3) | 117 (67.6) |
| Normal‡ | 142 (82.0) | 98 (56.6) |
| Mildly impaired | 10 (5.8) | 13 (7.5) |
| Severely impaired |
1 (0.6) |
0§ |
| Participants with missing data | 20 (11.6) | 62 (35.8) |
| Assessment done, not evaluable by endocardial tracing or medical assessment | 5 (2.9) | 6 (3.5) |
| Assessment done, not in window | 2 (1.2) | 15 (8.7) |
| Assessment not done | 13 (7.5) | 41 (23.7) |
*Total number of participants enrolled in the LOPAC study was 173. LOPAC, Long-Term Outcomes Post Acute COVID-19; RVSF, right ventricular systolic function. †RVSF was measured by echocardiogram endocardial tracing, and the impairment level was assessed qualitatively by medical personnel. ‡Right ventricular fractional area change of >35% was classified as normal RVSF. Assessment of RVSF for 8 observations with right ventricular fractional area of <35% was obtained by medical personnel in a post hoc assessment. §Participant who had severely impaired RVSF at baseline was lost to follow-up at month 12. ¶RVSF could not be measured by endocardial tracing and was assessed only qualitatively by medical personnel.