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Clinical Predictors of Fatal Outcomes from Human Leptospirosis, Thailand, 2015–2024
Umaporn Limothai, Nathan E. Stone, Sasipha Tachaboon, Janejira Dinhuzen, Jason W. Sahl, Theerapon Sukmark, Chayomon Dokpong, David M. Wagner, David A Haake, and Nattachai Srisawat
Author affiliation: Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Critical Care Nephrology, Bangkok, Thailand (U. Limothai, S. Tachaboon, J. Dinhuzen, N. Srisawat); King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital–Thai Red Cross Society, Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Bangkok (U. Limothai, S. Tachaboon, J. Dinhuzen, N. Srisawat); Northern Arizona University Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA (N.E. Stone, J.W. Sahl, D.M. Wagner); Thungsong Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand (T. Sukmark); Khukhan Hospital, Sisaket, Thailand (C. Dokpong); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA (D.A. Haake); University of California David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles (D.A. Haake); University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (N. Srisawat); Royal Society of Thailand Academy of Science Bangkok (N. Srisawat)
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Whole-genome phylogeny of Leptospira interrogans isolates, Thailand, 2015–2024. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was generated by using 102,654 variable sites across a 3.9-Mb core genome of 13 L. interrogans isolates from this study (in bold font) plus 21 publicly available L. interrogans reference genomes. The tree was rooted with L. kirschneri. Eleven of the 13 isolates clustered within CG272, including 3 from patients with fatal cases. The remaining 2 isolates grouped outside CG272, indicating the presence of additional L. interrogans lineages in the region. Scale bar represents nucleotide substitutions per site. CG272, clonal group 272.
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