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Issue Cover for Volume 19, Number 11—November 2013

Volume 19, Number 11—November 2013

[PDF - 11.11 MB - 199 pages]

Synopses

Medscape CME Activity
Tropheryma whipplei Endocarditis [PDF - 654 KB - 10 pages]
F. Fenollar et al.

Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis differs from classic Whipple disease, which primarily affects the gastrointestinal system. We diagnosed 28 cases of T. whipplei endocarditis in Marseille, France, and compared them with cases reported in the literature. Specimens were analyzed mostly by molecular and histologic techniques. Duke criteria were ineffective for diagnosis before heart valve analysis. The disease occurred in men 40–80 years of age, of whom 21 (75%) had arthralgia (75%); 9 (32%) had valvular disease and 11 (39%) had fever. Clinical manifestations were predominantly cardiologic. Treatment with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine for at least 12 months was successful. The cases we diagnosed differed from those reported from Germany, in which arthralgias were less common and previous valve lesions more common. A strong geographic specificity for this disease is found mainly in eastern-central France, Switzerland, and Germany. T. whipplei endocarditis is an emerging clinical entity observed in middle-aged and older men with arthralgia.

EID Fenollar F, Célard M, Lagier J, Lepidi H, Fournier P, Raoult D. Tropheryma whipplei Endocarditis. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1721-1730. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121356
AMA Fenollar F, Célard M, Lagier J, et al. Tropheryma whipplei Endocarditis. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1721-1730. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121356.
APA Fenollar, F., Célard, M., Lagier, J., Lepidi, H., Fournier, P., & Raoult, D. (2013). Tropheryma whipplei Endocarditis. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1721-1730. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121356.
Research

Atypical Scrapie Prions from Sheep and Lack of Disease in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Prion Protein [PDF - 727 KB - 9 pages]
J. Wadsworth et al.

Public and animal health controls to limit human exposure to animal prions are focused on bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), but other prion strains in ruminants may also have zoonotic potential. One example is atypical/Nor98 scrapie, which evaded statutory diagnostic methods worldwide until the early 2000s. To investigate whether sheep infected with scrapie prions could be another source of infection, we inoculated transgenic mice that overexpressed human prion protein with brain tissue from sheep with natural field cases of classical and atypical scrapie, sheep with experimental BSE, and cattle with BSE. We found that these mice were susceptible to BSE prions, but disease did not develop after prolonged postinoculation periods when mice were inoculated with classical or atypical scrapie prions. These data are consistent with the conclusion that prion disease is less likely to develop in humans after exposure to naturally occurring prions of sheep than after exposure to epizootic BSE prions of ruminants.

EID Wadsworth J, Joiner S, Linehan JM, Balkema-Buschmann A, Spiropoulos J, Simmons MM, et al. Atypical Scrapie Prions from Sheep and Lack of Disease in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Prion Protein. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1731-1739. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121341
AMA Wadsworth J, Joiner S, Linehan JM, et al. Atypical Scrapie Prions from Sheep and Lack of Disease in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Prion Protein. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1731-1739. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121341.
APA Wadsworth, J., Joiner, S., Linehan, J. M., Balkema-Buschmann, A., Spiropoulos, J., Simmons, M. M....Collinge, J. (2013). Atypical Scrapie Prions from Sheep and Lack of Disease in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Prion Protein. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1731-1739. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121341.

Capture–Recapture Method for Estimating Annual Incidence of Imported Dengue, France, 2007–2010 [PDF - 2.13 MB - 9 pages]
G. La Ruche et al.

Imported dengue cases pose the public health risk for local circulation in European areas, especially southeast France, where the Aedes mosquito is established. Using a capture–recapture method with Chao’s estimator, we estimated the annual incidence of dengue fever and the completeness of existing mandatory notification and laboratory network surveillance systems. During 2007–2010, >8,300 cases with laboratory evidence of recent dengue infection were diagnosed. Of these cases, 4,500 occurred in 2010, coinciding with intense epidemics in the French West Indies. Over this 4-year period, 327 cases occurred in southeast France during the vector activity period. Of these, 234 cases occurred in 2010, most of them potentially viremic. Completeness of the mandatory notification and laboratory network systems were ≈10% and 40%, respectively, but higher in southeast areas during May–November (32% and 69%, respectively). Dengue surveillance systems in France provide complementary information that is essential to the implementation of control measures.

EID La Ruche G, Dejour-Salamanca D, Bernillon P, Leparc-Goffart I, Ledrans M, Armengaud A, et al. Capture–Recapture Method for Estimating Annual Incidence of Imported Dengue, France, 2007–2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1740-1748. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120624
AMA La Ruche G, Dejour-Salamanca D, Bernillon P, et al. Capture–Recapture Method for Estimating Annual Incidence of Imported Dengue, France, 2007–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1740-1748. doi:10.3201/eid1911.120624.
APA La Ruche, G., Dejour-Salamanca, D., Bernillon, P., Leparc-Goffart, I., Ledrans, M., Armengaud, A....Gastellu-Etchegorry, M. (2013). Capture–Recapture Method for Estimating Annual Incidence of Imported Dengue, France, 2007–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1740-1748. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120624.

Pseudorabies Virus Variant in Bartha-K61–Vaccinated Pigs, China, 2012 [PDF - 660 KB - 7 pages]
T. An et al.

The widely used pseudorabies virus (PRV) Bartha-K61 vaccine has played a key role in the eradication of PRV. Since late 2011, however, a disease characterized by neurologic symptoms and a high number of deaths among newborn piglets has occurred among Bartha-K61–vaccinated pigs on many farms in China. Clinical samples from pigs on 15 farms in 6 provinces were examined. The PRV gE gene was detectable by PCR in all samples, and sequence analysis of the gE gene showed that all isolates belonged to a relatively independent cluster and contained 2 amino acid insertions. A PRV (named HeN1) was isolated and caused transitional fever in pigs. In protection assays, Bartha-K61 vaccine provided 100% protection against lethal challenge with SC (a classical PRV) but only 50% protection against 4 challenges with strain HeN1. The findings suggest that Bartha-K61 vaccine does not provide effective protection against PRV HeN1 infection.

EID An T, Peng J, Tian Z, Zhao H, Li N, Liu Y, et al. Pseudorabies Virus Variant in Bartha-K61–Vaccinated Pigs, China, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1749-1755. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130177
AMA An T, Peng J, Tian Z, et al. Pseudorabies Virus Variant in Bartha-K61–Vaccinated Pigs, China, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1749-1755. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130177.
APA An, T., Peng, J., Tian, Z., Zhao, H., Li, N., Liu, Y....Tong, G. (2013). Pseudorabies Virus Variant in Bartha-K61–Vaccinated Pigs, China, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1749-1755. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130177.

Migration and Persistence of Human Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2001–2008 [PDF - 712 KB - 10 pages]
M. Le et al.

Understanding global influenza migration and persistence is crucial for vaccine strain selection. Using 240 new human influenza A virus whole genomes collected in Vietnam during 2001–2008, we looked for persistence patterns and migratory connections between Vietnam and other countries. We found that viruses in Vietnam migrate to and from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Cambodia, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. We attempted to reduce geographic bias by generating phylogenies subsampled at the year and country levels. However, migration events in these phylogenies were still driven by the presence or absence of sequence data, indicating that an epidemiologic study design that controls for prevalence is required for robust migration analysis. With whole-genome data, most migration events are not detectable from the phylogeny of the hemagglutinin segment alone, although general migratory relationships between Vietnam and other countries are visible in the hemagglutinin phylogeny. It is possible that virus lineages in Vietnam persisted for >1 year.

EID Le M, Lam H, Cuong V, Lam T, Halpin R, Wentworth D, et al. Migration and Persistence of Human Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2001–2008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1756-1765. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130349
AMA Le M, Lam H, Cuong V, et al. Migration and Persistence of Human Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2001–2008. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1756-1765. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130349.
APA Le, M., Lam, H., Cuong, V., Lam, T., Halpin, R., Wentworth, D....Boni, M. F. (2013). Migration and Persistence of Human Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2001–2008. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1756-1765. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130349.

Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009–2011 [PDF - 678 KB - 9 pages]
C. Cohen et al.

Data on influenza epidemiology in HIV-infected persons are limited, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV infection is widespread. We tested respiratory and blood samples from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections hospitalized in South Africa during 2009–2011 for viral and pneumococcal infections. Influenza was identified in 9% (1,056/11,925) of patients enrolled; among influenza case-patients, 358 (44%) of the 819 who were tested were infected with HIV. Influenza-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection incidence was 4–8 times greater for HIV-infected (186–228/100,000) than for HIV-uninfected persons (26–54/100,000). Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed HIV-infected patients were more likely to have pneumococcal co-infection; to be infected with influenza type B compared with type A; to be hospitalized for 2–7 days or >7 days; and to die from their illness. These findings indicate that HIV-infected persons are at greater risk for severe illnesses related to influenza and thus should be prioritized for influenza vaccination.

EID Cohen C, Moyes J, Tempia S, Groom M, Walaza S, Pretorius M, et al. Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009–2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1766-1774. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130546
AMA Cohen C, Moyes J, Tempia S, et al. Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1766-1774. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130546.
APA Cohen, C., Moyes, J., Tempia, S., Groom, M., Walaza, S., Pretorius, M....Madhi, S. A. (2013). Severe Influenza-associated Respiratory Infection in High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1766-1774. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130546.

Common Epidemiology of Rickettsia felis Infection and Malaria, Africa [PDF - 549 KB - 9 pages]
O. Mediannikov et al.

This study aimed to compare the epidemiology of Rickettsia felis infection and malaria in France, North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa and to identify a common vector. Blood specimens from 3,122 febrile patients and from 500 nonfebrile persons were analyzed for R. felis and Plasmodium spp. We observed a significant linear trend (p<0.0001) of increasing risk for R. felis infection. The risks were lowest in France, Tunisia, and Algeria (1%), and highest in rural Senegal (15%). Co-infections with R. felis and Plasmodium spp. and occurrences of R. felis relapses or reinfections were identified. This study demonstrates a correlation between malaria and R. felis infection regarding geographic distribution, seasonality, asymptomatic infections, and a potential vector. R. felis infection should be suspected in these geographical areas where malaria is endemic. Doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against malaria in travelers to sub-Saharan Africa also protects against rickettsioses; thus, empirical treatment strategies for febrile illness for travelers and residents in sub-Saharan Africa may require reevaluation.

EID Mediannikov O, Socolovschi C, Edouard S, Fenollar F, Mouffok N, Bassene H, et al. Common Epidemiology of Rickettsia felis Infection and Malaria, Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1775-1783. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130361
AMA Mediannikov O, Socolovschi C, Edouard S, et al. Common Epidemiology of Rickettsia felis Infection and Malaria, Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1775-1783. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130361.
APA Mediannikov, O., Socolovschi, C., Edouard, S., Fenollar, F., Mouffok, N., Bassene, H....Raoult, D. (2013). Common Epidemiology of Rickettsia felis Infection and Malaria, Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1775-1783. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130361.

Use of National Pneumonia Surveillance to Describe Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Epidemiology, China, 2004–2013 [PDF - 567 KB - 7 pages]
N. Xiang et al.

In mainland China, most avian influenza A(H7N9) cases in the spring of 2013 were reported through the pneumonia of unknown etiology (PUE) surveillance system. To understand the role of possible underreporting and surveillance bias in assessing the epidemiology of subtype H7N9 cases and the effect of live-poultry market closures, we examined all PUE cases reported from 2004 through May 3, 2013. Historically, the PUE system was underused, reporting was inconsistent, and PUE reporting was biased toward A(H7N9)-affected provinces, with sparse data from unaffected provinces; however, we found no evidence that the older ages of persons with A(H7N9) resulted from surveillance bias. The absolute number and the proportion of PUE cases confirmed to be A(H7N9) declined after live-poultry market closures (p<0.001), indicating that market closures might have positively affected outbreak control. In China, PUE surveillance needs to be improved.

EID Xiang N, Havers F, Chen T, Song Y, Tu W, Li L, et al. Use of National Pneumonia Surveillance to Describe Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Epidemiology, China, 2004–2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1784-1790. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130865
AMA Xiang N, Havers F, Chen T, et al. Use of National Pneumonia Surveillance to Describe Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Epidemiology, China, 2004–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1784-1790. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130865.
APA Xiang, N., Havers, F., Chen, T., Song, Y., Tu, W., Li, L....Feng, Z. (2013). Use of National Pneumonia Surveillance to Describe Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Epidemiology, China, 2004–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1784-1790. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130865.

Medscape CME Activity
Possible Association between Obesity and Clostridium difficile Infection [PDF - 447 KB - 6 pages]
J. Leung et al.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor for Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs). Because of similar disruptions to the intestinal microbiome found in IBD and in obesity, we conducted a retrospective study to clarify the role of obesity in CDI. We reviewed records of patients with laboratory-confirmed CDIs in a tertiary care medical center over a 6-month period. Of 132 patients, 43% had community onset, 30% had health care facility onset, and 23% had community onset infections after exposure to a health care facility. Patients with community onset infections had higher body mass indices than the general population and those with community onset after exposure to a health care facility, had higher rates of IBD, and lower prior antibacterial drug exposure than patients who had CDI onset in a health care facility. Obesity may be associated with CDI, independent of antibacterial drug or health care exposures.

EID Leung J, Burke B, Ford D, Garvin G, Korn C, Sulis C, et al. Possible Association between Obesity and Clostridium difficile Infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1791-1798. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130618
AMA Leung J, Burke B, Ford D, et al. Possible Association between Obesity and Clostridium difficile Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1791-1798. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130618.
APA Leung, J., Burke, B., Ford, D., Garvin, G., Korn, C., Sulis, C....Bhadelia, N. (2013). Possible Association between Obesity and Clostridium difficile Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1791-1798. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130618.

Transmissibility of Livestock-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus [PDF - 436 KB - 6 pages]
D. J. Hetem et al.

Previous findings have suggested that the nosocomial transmission capacity of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is lower than that of other MRSA genotypes. We therefore performed a 6-month (June 1–November 30, 2011) nationwide study to quantify the single-admission reproduction number, RA, for LA-MRSA in 62 hospitals in the Netherlands and to compare this transmission capacity to previous estimates. We used spa typing for genotyping. Quantification of RA was based on a mathematical model incorporating outbreak sizes, detection rates, and length of hospital stay. There were 141 index cases, 40 (28%) of which were LA-MRSA. Contact screening of 2,101 patients and 7,260 health care workers identified 18 outbreaks (2 LA-MRSA) and 47 secondary cases (3 LA-MRSA). RA values indicated that transmissibility of LA-MRSA is 4.4 times lower than that of other MRSA (not associated with livestock).

EID Hetem DJ, Bootsma M, Troelstra A, Bonten M. Transmissibility of Livestock-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1797-1802. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121085
AMA Hetem DJ, Bootsma M, Troelstra A, et al. Transmissibility of Livestock-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1797-1802. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121085.
APA Hetem, D. J., Bootsma, M., Troelstra, A., & Bonten, M. (2013). Transmissibility of Livestock-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1797-1802. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121085.

CTX-M β-Lactamase–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suburban New York City, New York, USA [PDF - 531 KB - 8 pages]
G. Wang et al.

CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates are infrequently reported in the United States. In this study, we analyzed nonduplicate ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates collected during 2005–2012 at a tertiary care medical center in suburban New York City, USA, for the presence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaKPC genes. Despite a high prevalence of blaCTX-M genes in ESBL-producing E. coli since 2005, blaCTX-M genes were not detected in K. pneumoniae until 2009. The prevalence of CTX-M–producing K. pneumoniae increased significantly over time from 1.7% during 2005–2009 to 26.4% during 2010–2012 (p<0.0001). CTX-M-15 was the dominant CTX-M genotype. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing revealed high genetic heterogeneities in CTX-M–producing K. pneumoniae isolates. This study demonstrates the recent emergence and polyclonal spread of multidrug resistant CTX-M–producing K. pneumoniae isolates among patients in a hospital setting in the United States.

EID Wang G, Huang T, Surendraiah P, Wang K, Komal R, Zhuge J, et al. CTX-M β-Lactamase–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suburban New York City, New York, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1803-1810. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121470
AMA Wang G, Huang T, Surendraiah P, et al. CTX-M β-Lactamase–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suburban New York City, New York, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1803-1810. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121470.
APA Wang, G., Huang, T., Surendraiah, P., Wang, K., Komal, R., Zhuge, J....Wormser, G. P. (2013). CTX-M β-Lactamase–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suburban New York City, New York, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1803-1810. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121470.

Mobile Phone–based Syndromic Surveillance System, Papua New Guinea [PDF - 763 KB - 8 pages]
A. Rosewell et al.

The health care system in Papua New Guinea is fragile, and surveillance systems infrequently meet international standards. To strengthen outbreak identification, health authorities piloted a mobile phone–based syndromic surveillance system and used established frameworks to evaluate whether the system was meeting objectives. Stakeholder experience was investigated by using standardized questionnaires and focus groups. Nine sites reported data that included 7 outbreaks and 92 cases of acute watery diarrhea. The new system was more timely (2.4 vs. 84 days), complete (70% vs. 40%), and sensitive (95% vs. 26%) than existing systems. The system was simple, stable, useful, and acceptable; however, feedback and subnational involvement were weak. A simple syndromic surveillance system implemented in a fragile state enabled more timely, complete, and sensitive data reporting for disease risk assessment. Feedback and provincial involvement require improvement. Use of mobile phone technology might improve the timeliness and efficiency of public health surveillance.

EID Rosewell A, Ropa B, Randall H, Dagina R, Hurim S, Bieb S, et al. Mobile Phone–based Syndromic Surveillance System, Papua New Guinea. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1811-1818. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121843
AMA Rosewell A, Ropa B, Randall H, et al. Mobile Phone–based Syndromic Surveillance System, Papua New Guinea. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1811-1818. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121843.
APA Rosewell, A., Ropa, B., Randall, H., Dagina, R., Hurim, S., Bieb, S....MacIntyre, C. (2013). Mobile Phone–based Syndromic Surveillance System, Papua New Guinea. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1811-1818. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121843.
Dispatches

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia [PDF - 541 KB - 5 pages]
Z. A. Memish et al.

The source of human infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus remains unknown. Molecular investigation indicated that bats in Saudi Arabia are infected with several alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses. Virus from 1 bat showed 100% nucleotide identity to virus from the human index case-patient. Bats might play a role in human infection.

EID Memish ZA, Mishra N, Olival KJ, Fagbo SF, Kapoor V, Epstein JH, et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1819-1823. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.131172
AMA Memish ZA, Mishra N, Olival KJ, et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1819-1823. doi:10.3201/eid1911.131172.
APA Memish, Z. A., Mishra, N., Olival, K. J., Fagbo, S. F., Kapoor, V., Epstein, J. H....Lipkin, W. (2013). Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1819-1823. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.131172.

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Outbreak, Brazil, December 2009–January 2010 [PDF - 380 KB - 4 pages]
A. Terças et al.

An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in the Sobradinho Indian settlement of the Kayabí ethnic group in northern Mato Grosso during December 2009–January 2010. We conducted a retrospective study to clarify the outbreak’s epidemiologic and clinical characteristics. Results suggest a relationship between the outbreak and deforestation and farming expansion in indigenous areas.

EID Terças A, Atanaka dos Santos M, Pignatti M, Espinosa M, Via A, Menegatti J. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Outbreak, Brazil, December 2009–January 2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1824-1827. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120463
AMA Terças A, Atanaka dos Santos M, Pignatti M, et al. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Outbreak, Brazil, December 2009–January 2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1824-1827. doi:10.3201/eid1911.120463.
APA Terças, A., Atanaka dos Santos, M., Pignatti, M., Espinosa, M., Via, A., & Menegatti, J. (2013). Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Outbreak, Brazil, December 2009–January 2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1824-1827. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120463.

Increased Incidence of Campylobacter spp. Infection and High Rates among Children, Israel [PDF - 783 KB - 4 pages]
M. Weinberger et al.

During 1999–2010, the annual incidence of Campylobacter spp. infection in Israel increased from 31.04 to 90.99 cases/100,000 population, a yearly increase of 10.24%. Children <2 years of age were disproportionally affected; incidence in this age group (356.12 cases/100,000 population) was >26-fold higher than for the 30–<50 age group.

EID Weinberger M, Lerner L, Valinsky L, Moran-Gilad J, Nissan I, Agmon V, et al. Increased Incidence of Campylobacter spp. Infection and High Rates among Children, Israel. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1828-1831. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120900
AMA Weinberger M, Lerner L, Valinsky L, et al. Increased Incidence of Campylobacter spp. Infection and High Rates among Children, Israel. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1828-1831. doi:10.3201/eid1911.120900.
APA Weinberger, M., Lerner, L., Valinsky, L., Moran-Gilad, J., Nissan, I., Agmon, V....Peretz, C. (2013). Increased Incidence of Campylobacter spp. Infection and High Rates among Children, Israel. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1828-1831. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.120900.

Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Ghana [PDF - 491 KB - 4 pages]
K. C. Kronmann et al.

Two arenaviruses were detected in pygmy mice (Mus spp.) by screening 764 small mammals in Ghana. The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis), the known Lassa virus reservoir, was the dominant indoor rodent species in 4 of 10 sites, and accounted for 27% of all captured rodents. No rodent captured indoors tested positive for an arenavirus.

EID Kronmann KC, Nimo-Paintsil S, Guirguis F, Kronmann LC, Bonney K, Obiri-Danso K, et al. Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Ghana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1832-1835. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121491
AMA Kronmann KC, Nimo-Paintsil S, Guirguis F, et al. Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Ghana. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1832-1835. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121491.
APA Kronmann, K. C., Nimo-Paintsil, S., Guirguis, F., Kronmann, L. C., Bonney, K., Obiri-Danso, K....Fichet-Calvet, E. (2013). Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Ghana. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1832-1835. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121491.

West Nile Virus, Texas, USA, 2012 [PDF - 371 KB - 3 pages]
K. O. Murray et al.

During the 2012 West Nile virus outbreak in Texas, USA, 1,868 cases were reported. Male patients, persons >65 years of age, and minorities were at highest risk for neuroinvasive disease. Fifty-three percent of counties reported a case; 48% of case-patients resided in 4 counties around Dallas/Fort Worth. The economic cost was >$47.6 million.

EID Murray KO, Ruktanonchai D, Hesalroad D, Fonken E, Nolan MS. West Nile Virus, Texas, USA, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1836-1838. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130768
AMA Murray KO, Ruktanonchai D, Hesalroad D, et al. West Nile Virus, Texas, USA, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1836-1838. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130768.
APA Murray, K. O., Ruktanonchai, D., Hesalroad, D., Fonken, E., & Nolan, M. S. (2013). West Nile Virus, Texas, USA, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1836-1838. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130768.

Mayaro Virus Infection, Amazon Basin Region, Peru, 2010–2013 [PDF - 469 KB - 4 pages]
E. S. Halsey et al.

During 2010–2013, we recruited 16 persons with confirmed Mayaro virus infection in the Peruvian Amazon to prospectively follow clinical symptoms and serologic response over a 12-month period. Mayaro virus infection caused long-term arthralgia in more than half, similar to reports of other arthritogenic alphaviruses.

EID Halsey ES, Siles C, Guevara C, Vilcarromero S, Jhonston EJ, Ramal C, et al. Mayaro Virus Infection, Amazon Basin Region, Peru, 2010–2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1839-1842. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130777
AMA Halsey ES, Siles C, Guevara C, et al. Mayaro Virus Infection, Amazon Basin Region, Peru, 2010–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1839-1842. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130777.
APA Halsey, E. S., Siles, C., Guevara, C., Vilcarromero, S., Jhonston, E. J., Ramal, C....Ampuero, J. S. (2013). Mayaro Virus Infection, Amazon Basin Region, Peru, 2010–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1839-1842. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130777.

Evidence of Vaccine-related Reassortment of Rotavirus, Brazil, 2008–2010 [PDF - 343 KB - 4 pages]
T. Rose et al.

Analysis of 27 rotavirus strains from vaccinated and unvaccinated children revealed reassortment events in 3 strains: a gene derived from a vaccine; a gene acquired from a circulating strain; and reassortment between circulating strains. Data suggest that the widespread use of this monovalent rotavirus vaccine may introduce vaccine genes into circulating human rotaviruses or vice versa.

EID Rose T, Marques da Silva M, Goméz M, Resque H, Ichihara M, Volotão E, et al. Evidence of Vaccine-related Reassortment of Rotavirus, Brazil, 2008–2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1843-1846. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121407
AMA Rose T, Marques da Silva M, Goméz M, et al. Evidence of Vaccine-related Reassortment of Rotavirus, Brazil, 2008–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1843-1846. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121407.
APA Rose, T., Marques da Silva, M., Goméz, M., Resque, H., Ichihara, M., Volotão, E....Leite, J. (2013). Evidence of Vaccine-related Reassortment of Rotavirus, Brazil, 2008–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1843-1846. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121407.

Three Outbreak-causing Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Clones, Brazil [PDF - 376 KB - 4 pages]
D. E. Barroso et al.

During 2003–2012, 8 clusters of meningococcal disease were identified in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, all caused by serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis. The isolates were assigned to 3 clonal complexes (cc): cc11, cc32, and cc103. These hyperinvasive disease lineages were associated with endemic disease, outbreaks, and high case-fatality rates.

EID Barroso DE, Castiñeiras T, Freitas FS, Marsh JW, Krauland MG, Tulenko MM, et al. Three Outbreak-causing Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Clones, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1847-1850. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130610
AMA Barroso DE, Castiñeiras T, Freitas FS, et al. Three Outbreak-causing Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Clones, Brazil. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1847-1850. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130610.
APA Barroso, D. E., Castiñeiras, T., Freitas, F. S., Marsh, J. W., Krauland, M. G., Tulenko, M. M....Harrison, L. H. (2013). Three Outbreak-causing Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Clones, Brazil. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1847-1850. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130610.

Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan [PDF - 575 KB - 4 pages]
A. Zubairi et al.

To compare the severity of Plasmodium vivax malaria with that of P. falciparum malaria, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 356 adults hospitalized with malaria (2009–2011) in Pakistan. P. vivax and P. falciparum accounted for 83% and 13% of cases, respectively; 79.9% of patients with severe malaria were infected with P. vivax.

EID Zubairi A, Nizami S, Raza A, Mehraj V, Rasheed A, Ghanchi N, et al. Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1851-1854. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130495
AMA Zubairi A, Nizami S, Raza A, et al. Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1851-1854. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130495.
APA Zubairi, A., Nizami, S., Raza, A., Mehraj, V., Rasheed, A., Ghanchi, N....Beg, M. (2013). Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pakistan. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1851-1854. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130495.

Infectious Shock and Toxic Shock Syndrome Diagnoses in Hospitals, Colorado, USA [PDF - 582 KB - 4 pages]
M. A. Smit et al.

In Colorado, USA, diagnoses coded as toxic shock syndrome (TSS) constituted 27.3% of infectious shock cases during 1993–2006. The incidence of staphylococcal TSS did not change significantly overall or in female patients 10–49 years of age but increased for streptococcal TSS. TSS may be underrecognized among all ages and both sexes.

EID Smit MA, Nyquist A, Todd JK. Infectious Shock and Toxic Shock Syndrome Diagnoses in Hospitals, Colorado, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1855-1858. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121547
AMA Smit MA, Nyquist A, Todd JK. Infectious Shock and Toxic Shock Syndrome Diagnoses in Hospitals, Colorado, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1855-1858. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121547.
APA Smit, M. A., Nyquist, A., & Todd, J. K. (2013). Infectious Shock and Toxic Shock Syndrome Diagnoses in Hospitals, Colorado, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1855-1858. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121547.

Human Bocavirus in Patients with Encephalitis, Sri Lanka, 2009–2010 [PDF - 407 KB - 4 pages]
D. Mori et al.

We identified human bocavirus (HBoV) DNA by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid from adults and children with encephalitis in Sri Lanka. HBoV types 1, 2, and 3 were identified among these cases. Phylogenetic analysis of HBoV1 strain sequences found no subclustering with strains previously identified among encephalitis cases in Bangladesh.

EID Mori D, Ranawaka U, Yamada K, Rajindrajith S, Miya K, Perera H, et al. Human Bocavirus in Patients with Encephalitis, Sri Lanka, 2009–2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1859-1862. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121548
AMA Mori D, Ranawaka U, Yamada K, et al. Human Bocavirus in Patients with Encephalitis, Sri Lanka, 2009–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1859-1862. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121548.
APA Mori, D., Ranawaka, U., Yamada, K., Rajindrajith, S., Miya, K., Perera, H....Ahmed, K. (2013). Human Bocavirus in Patients with Encephalitis, Sri Lanka, 2009–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1859-1862. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121548.

Building Influenza Surveillance Pyramids in Near Real Time, Australia [PDF - 345 KB - 3 pages]
C. B. Dalton et al.

A timely measure of circulating influenza virus severity has been elusive. Flutracking, the Australian online influenza-like illness surveillance system, was used to construct a surveillance pyramid in near real time for 2011/2012 participants and demonstrated a striking difference between years. Such pyramids will facilitate rapid estimation of attack rates and disease severity.

EID Dalton CB, Carlson SJ, Butler MT, Elvidge E, Durrheim DN. Building Influenza Surveillance Pyramids in Near Real Time, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1863-1865. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121878
AMA Dalton CB, Carlson SJ, Butler MT, et al. Building Influenza Surveillance Pyramids in Near Real Time, Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1863-1865. doi:10.3201/eid1911.121878.
APA Dalton, C. B., Carlson, S. J., Butler, M. T., Elvidge, E., & Durrheim, D. N. (2013). Building Influenza Surveillance Pyramids in Near Real Time, Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1863-1865. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121878.

Incidence of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Infection, United Kingdom, 2009–2011 [PDF - 405 KB - 4 pages]
S. Sridhar et al.

We conducted a longitudinal community cohort study of healthy adults in the UK. We found significantly higher incidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection in 2010–11 than in 2009–10, a substantial proportion of subclinical infection, and higher risk for infection during 2010–11 among persons with lower preinfection antibody titers.

EID Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, Hoschler K, Adamson W, Carman W, et al. Incidence of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Infection, United Kingdom, 2009–2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1866-1869. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130295
AMA Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, et al. Incidence of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Infection, United Kingdom, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1866-1869. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130295.
APA Sridhar, S., Begom, S., Bermingham, A., Hoschler, K., Adamson, W., Carman, W....Lalvani, A. (2013). Incidence of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Infection, United Kingdom, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1866-1869. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130295.

Nontoxigenic Highly Pathogenic Clone of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Poland, 2004–2012 [PDF - 355 KB - 3 pages]
A. A. Zasada

Twenty-five cases of nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection were recorded in Poland during 2004–2012, of which 18 were invasive. Alcoholism, homelessness, hepatic cirrhosis, and dental caries were predisposing factors for infection. However, for 17% of cases, no concomitant diseases or predisposing factors were found.

EID Zasada AA. Nontoxigenic Highly Pathogenic Clone of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Poland, 2004–2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1870-1872. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130297
AMA Zasada AA. Nontoxigenic Highly Pathogenic Clone of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Poland, 2004–2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1870-1872. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130297.
APA Zasada, A. A. (2013). Nontoxigenic Highly Pathogenic Clone of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Poland, 2004–2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1870-1872. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130297.

Tula Hantavirus Infection in Immunocompromised Host, Czech Republic [PDF - 493 KB - 4 pages]
H. Zelená et al.

We report molecular evidence of Tula hantavirus as an etiologic agent of pulmonary-renal syndrome in an immunocompromised patient. Acute hantavirus infection was confirmed by using serologic and molecular methods. Sequencing revealed Tula virus genome RNA in the patient’s blood. This case shows that Tula virus can cause serious disease in humans.

EID Zelená H, Mrázek J, Kuhn T. Tula Hantavirus Infection in Immunocompromised Host, Czech Republic. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1873-1876. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130421
AMA Zelená H, Mrázek J, Kuhn T. Tula Hantavirus Infection in Immunocompromised Host, Czech Republic. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1873-1876. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130421.
APA Zelená, H., Mrázek, J., & Kuhn, T. (2013). Tula Hantavirus Infection in Immunocompromised Host, Czech Republic. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1873-1876. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130421.

Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis, Chile, 1985–2010 [PDF - 479 KB - 4 pages]
J. Levican et al.

We detected human bocavirus in 89 (19.3%) of 462 fecal samples collected during 3 periods from 1985 through 2010 from children <5 years of age in Chile who were hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Our findings confirm the long-term circulation of human bocavirus in Chile.

EID Levican J, Navas E, Orizola J, Avendaño L, Gaggero A. Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis, Chile, 1985–2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1877-1880. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130601
AMA Levican J, Navas E, Orizola J, et al. Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis, Chile, 1985–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1877-1880. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130601.
APA Levican, J., Navas, E., Orizola, J., Avendaño, L., & Gaggero, A. (2013). Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis, Chile, 1985–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1877-1880. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130601.

Full Genome of Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Derived by Direct Sequencing without Culture [PDF - 394 KB - 4 pages]
X. Ren et al.

An epidemic caused by influenza A (H7N9) virus was recently reported in China. Deep sequencing revealed the full genome of the virus obtained directly from a patient’s sputum without virus culture. The full genome showed substantial sequence heterogeneity and large differences compared with that from embryonated chicken eggs.

EID Ren X, Yang F, Hu Y, Zhang T, Liu L, Dong J, et al. Full Genome of Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Derived by Direct Sequencing without Culture. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1881-1884. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130664
AMA Ren X, Yang F, Hu Y, et al. Full Genome of Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Derived by Direct Sequencing without Culture. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1881-1884. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130664.
APA Ren, X., Yang, F., Hu, Y., Zhang, T., Liu, L., Dong, J....Jin, Q. (2013). Full Genome of Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Derived by Direct Sequencing without Culture. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1881-1884. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130664.

Mild Illness in Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus–Infected Poultry Worker, Huzhou, China, April 2013 [PDF - 573 KB - 4 pages]
H. Lv et al.

During April 2013 in China, mild respiratory symptoms developed in 1/61 workers who had culled influenza A(H7N9) virus–infected poultry. Laboratory testing confirmed A(H7N9) infection in the worker and showed that the virus persisted longer in sputum than pharyngeal swab samples. Pharyngeal swab samples from the other workers were negative for A(H7N9) virus.

EID Lv H, Han J, Zhang P, Lu Y, Wen D, Cai J, et al. Mild Illness in Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus–Infected Poultry Worker, Huzhou, China, April 2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1885-1888. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130717
AMA Lv H, Han J, Zhang P, et al. Mild Illness in Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus–Infected Poultry Worker, Huzhou, China, April 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1885-1888. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130717.
APA Lv, H., Han, J., Zhang, P., Lu, Y., Wen, D., Cai, J....Chen, Z. (2013). Mild Illness in Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus–Infected Poultry Worker, Huzhou, China, April 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1885-1888. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130717.

Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2010 [PDF - 329 KB - 3 pages]
T. K. Marras et al.

We measured the prevalence and temporal trends of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease among residents of Ontario, Canada, during 1998–2010. Five-year prevalence increased from 29.3 cases/100,000 persons in 1998–2002 to 41.3/100,000 in 2006–2010 (p<0.0001). Improved laboratory methods did not explain this increase, suggesting a surge in disease prevalence.

EID Marras TK, Mendelson D, Marchand-Austin A, May K, Jamieson FB. Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2010. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1889-1891. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130737
AMA Marras TK, Mendelson D, Marchand-Austin A, et al. Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1889-1891. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130737.
APA Marras, T. K., Mendelson, D., Marchand-Austin, A., May, K., & Jamieson, F. B. (2013). Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2010. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1889-1891. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130737.

Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, South Korea, 2012 [PDF - 423 KB - 3 pages]
K. Kim et al.

We report a retrospectively identified fatal case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in South Korea from 2012. SFTS virus was isolated from the stored blood of the patient. Phylogenetic analysis revealed this isolate was closely related to SFTS virus strains from China and Japan.

EID Kim K, Yi J, Kim G, Choi S, Jun K, Kim N, et al. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, South Korea, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1892-1894. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130792
AMA Kim K, Yi J, Kim G, et al. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, South Korea, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1892-1894. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130792.
APA Kim, K., Yi, J., Kim, G., Choi, S., Jun, K., Kim, N....Oh, M. (2013). Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, South Korea, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1892-1894. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130792.
Letters

Seoul Virus in Rats (Rattus norvegicus), Hyesan, North Korea, 2009–2011 [PDF - 382 KB - 2 pages]
L. Yao et al.
EID Yao L, Kang Z, Liu Y, Song F, Zhang X, Cao X, et al. Seoul Virus in Rats (Rattus norvegicus), Hyesan, North Korea, 2009–2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1895-1896. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130207
AMA Yao L, Kang Z, Liu Y, et al. Seoul Virus in Rats (Rattus norvegicus), Hyesan, North Korea, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1895-1896. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130207.
APA Yao, L., Kang, Z., Liu, Y., Song, F., Zhang, X., Cao, X....Wang, B. (2013). Seoul Virus in Rats (Rattus norvegicus), Hyesan, North Korea, 2009–2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1895-1896. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130207.

Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Dogs, France, 2012 [PDF - 404 KB - 2 pages]
C. Sailleau et al.
EID Sailleau C, Boogaerts C, Meyrueix A, Laloy E, Bréard E, Viarouge C, et al. Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Dogs, France, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1896-1898. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130464
AMA Sailleau C, Boogaerts C, Meyrueix A, et al. Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Dogs, France, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1896-1898. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130464.
APA Sailleau, C., Boogaerts, C., Meyrueix, A., Laloy, E., Bréard, E., Viarouge, C....Grandjean, D. (2013). Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Dogs, France, 2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1896-1898. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130464.

Geographic Co-distribution of Influenza Virus Subtypes H7N9 and H5N1 in Humans, China [PDF - 411 KB - 3 pages]
L. Wang et al.
EID Wang L, Zhang W, Magalhaes RJ, Clements A, Hu W, Ding F, et al. Geographic Co-distribution of Influenza Virus Subtypes H7N9 and H5N1 in Humans, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1898-1900. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130815
AMA Wang L, Zhang W, Magalhaes RJ, et al. Geographic Co-distribution of Influenza Virus Subtypes H7N9 and H5N1 in Humans, China. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1898-1900. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130815.
APA Wang, L., Zhang, W., Magalhaes, R. J., Clements, A., Hu, W., Ding, F....Li, C. (2013). Geographic Co-distribution of Influenza Virus Subtypes H7N9 and H5N1 in Humans, China. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1898-1900. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130815.

New Variant of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Portugal, 2012–2013 [PDF - 331 KB - 3 pages]
J. Abrantes et al.
EID Abrantes J, Lopes AM, Dalton KP, Melo P, Correia JJ, Ramada M, et al. New Variant of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Portugal, 2012–2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1900-1902. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130908
AMA Abrantes J, Lopes AM, Dalton KP, et al. New Variant of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Portugal, 2012–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1900-1902. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130908.
APA Abrantes, J., Lopes, A. M., Dalton, K. P., Melo, P., Correia, J. J., Ramada, M....Esteves, P. J. (2013). New Variant of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Portugal, 2012–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1900-1902. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130908.

Mycobacterium yongonense in Pulmonary Disease, Italy [PDF - 401 KB - 3 pages]
E. Tortoli et al.
EID Tortoli E, Mariottini A, Pierotti P, Simonetti TM, Rossolini G. Mycobacterium yongonense in Pulmonary Disease, Italy. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1902-1904. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130911
AMA Tortoli E, Mariottini A, Pierotti P, et al. Mycobacterium yongonense in Pulmonary Disease, Italy. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1902-1904. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130911.
APA Tortoli, E., Mariottini, A., Pierotti, P., Simonetti, T. M., & Rossolini, G. (2013). Mycobacterium yongonense in Pulmonary Disease, Italy. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1902-1904. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130911.

Subcutaneous Infection with Dirofilaria spp. Nematode in Human, France [PDF - 401 KB - 3 pages]
M. L. Eberhard et al.
EID Eberhard ML, Mary C, Foissac M, Million M, Parola P, Piarroux R. Subcutaneous Infection with Dirofilaria spp. Nematode in Human, France. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1904-1905. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130606
AMA Eberhard ML, Mary C, Foissac M, et al. Subcutaneous Infection with Dirofilaria spp. Nematode in Human, France. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1904-1905. doi:10.3201/eid1911.130606.
APA Eberhard, M. L., Mary, C., Foissac, M., Million, M., Parola, P., & Piarroux, R. (2013). Subcutaneous Infection with Dirofilaria spp. Nematode in Human, France. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1904-1905. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.130606.

Subcutaneous Infection with Dirofilaria spp. Nematode in Human, France
C. Mary et al.
Books and Media

Cytomegaloviruses: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Intervention [PDF - 251 KB - 1 page]
J. Tang
EID Tang J. Cytomegaloviruses: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Intervention. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1906. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.131226
AMA Tang J. Cytomegaloviruses: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Intervention. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1906. doi:10.3201/eid1911.131226.
APA Tang, J. (2013). Cytomegaloviruses: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Intervention. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1906. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.131226.
About the Cover

My Name Is Nobody [PDF - 324 KB - 2 pages]
P. Potter
EID Potter P. My Name Is Nobody. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1908-1909. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.ac1911
AMA Potter P. My Name Is Nobody. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1908-1909. doi:10.3201/eid1911.ac1911.
APA Potter, P. (2013). My Name Is Nobody. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1908-1909. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.ac1911.
Etymologia

Etymologia: Diphtheria [PDF - 254 KB - 1 page]
EID Etymologia: Diphtheria. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1838. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.et1911
AMA Etymologia: Diphtheria. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(11):1838. doi:10.3201/eid1911.et1911.
APA (2013). Etymologia: Diphtheria. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(11), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.et1911.
Conference Summaries

Arbovirus Diseases, Southeastern United States
L. M. Gargano et al.
Page created: December 09, 2013
Page updated: December 09, 2013
Page reviewed: December 09, 2013
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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