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Volume 25, Number 1—January 2019
Research

Association of Increased Receptor-Binding Avidity of Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses with Escape from Antibody-Based Immunity and Enhanced Zoonotic Potential

Joshua E. Sealy, Tahir Yaqub, Thomas P. Peacock1, Pengxiang Chang, Burcu Ermetal, Anabel Clements, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Arslan Mehboob2, Holly Shelton, Juliet E. Bryant, Rod S. Daniels, John W. McCauley, Munir IqbalComments to Author , and Jean-Remy Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUKSadeyen
Author affiliations: The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK (J.E. Sealy, T.P. Peacock, P. Chang, A. Clements, J.-R. Sadeyen, H. Shelton, M. Iqbal); University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan (T. Yaqub, A. Mehboob); The Francis Crick Institute, London (B. Ermetal, R.S. Daniels, J.W. McCauley); Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France (J.E. Bryant)

Main Article

Figure 2

A) H9 HA monomer showing position of each amino acid substitution on the surface of HA1 of contemporary avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses isolated from Pakistan. HA1 is shown in light gray, HA2 in dark gray, receptor binding site in red, previously identified antigenic sites in green and blue (42,43), and substituted residues identified in this study yellow. Residue 180 is shown in magenta. B) aa alignment of the HA coding region was used to identify substituted residues within the 2014–2016 popul

Figure 2. A) H9 HA monomer showing position of each amino acid substitution on the surface of HA1 of contemporary avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses isolated from Pakistan. HA1 is shown in light gray, HA2 in dark gray, receptor binding site in red, previously identified antigenic sites in green and blue (42,43), and substituted residues identified in this study in yellow. Residue 180 is shown in magenta. B) aa alignment of the HA coding region was used to identify substituted residues within the 2014–2016 population of Pakistan viruses. Shown is the crystal structure of swine H9 hemagglutinin PDB ID:1JSD (44), which was drawn by using PyMol software (https://pymol.org/2/). Matrix diagram shows diversity of HA1 surface substitutions and the total number of viruses with a given substitution. Mature H9 numbering is used throughout. aa, amino acid; HA, hemagglutinin.

Main Article

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1Current affiliation: Imperial College London, London, UK.

2Current affiliation: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

Page created: December 18, 2018
Page updated: December 18, 2018
Page reviewed: December 18, 2018
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