Association of Increased Receptor-Binding Avidity of Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses with Escape from Antibody-Based Immunity and Enhanced Zoonotic Potential
Joshua E. Sealy, Tahir Yaqub, Thomas P. Peacock
1, Pengxiang Chang, Burcu Ermetal, Anabel Clements, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Arslan Mehboob
2, Holly Shelton, Juliet E. Bryant, Rod S. Daniels, John W. McCauley, Munir Iqbal

, and Jean-Remy Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUKSadeyen
Author affiliations: The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK (J.E. Sealy, T.P. Peacock, P. Chang, A. Clements, J.-R. Sadeyen, H. Shelton, M. Iqbal); University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan (T. Yaqub, A. Mehboob); The Francis Crick Institute, London (B. Ermetal, R.S. Daniels, J.W. McCauley); Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France (J.E. Bryant)
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Figure 3
Figure 3. Receptor-binding profiles of wild-type influenza A(H9N2) viruses from Pakistan. Wild-type UDL-01/08 virus SKP and 3 contemporary wild-type viruses were generated by using reverse genetics, and receptor-binding to 3 receptor analogs was assayed by using biolayer interferometry. Sugars tested were 3SLN(6Su) (green), 6SLN (blue), and 3SLN (red). A) H9N2 A/chicken/Pakistan/UDL-01/2008; B) H9N2 A/chicken/LH-55/2014; C) H9N2 A/chicken/SKP-989/2015; D) H9N2 A/chicken/SKP-827/2016.
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