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Volume 29, Number 4—April 2023
Research

Adeno-Associated Virus 2 and Human Adenovirus F41 in Wastewater during Outbreak of Severe Acute Hepatitis in Children, Ireland

Niamh A. Martin, Gabriel Gonzalez, Liam J. Reynolds, Charlene Bennett, Christine Campbell, Tristan M. Nolan, Alannah Byrne, Sanne Fennema, Niamh Holohan, Sailusha Ratnam Kuntamukkula, Natasha Sarwar, Laura Sala-Comorera, Jonathan Dean, Jose Maria Urtasun-Elizari, Daniel Hare, Emer Liddy, Eadaoin Joyce, John J. O’Sullivan, John M. Cuddihy, Angeline M. McIntyre, Eve P. Robinson, Darren Dahly, Nicola F. Fletcher, Suzanne Cotter, Emer Fitzpatrick, Michael J. Carr, Cillian F. De Gascun, and Wim G. MeijerComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (N.A. Martin, G. Gonzalez, L.J. Reynolds, C. Bennett, C. Campbell, T.M. Nolan, A. Byrne, S. Fennema, N. Holohan, S.R. Kuntamukkula, N. Sarwar, L. Sala-Comorera, J. Dean, J.M. Urtasun-Elizari, D. Hare, J.J. O’Sullivan, N.F. Fletcher, M.J. Carr, C.F. De Gascun, W.G. Meijer); Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (G. Gonzalez, M.J. Carr); Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland (E. Liddy, J.M. Cuddihy, A.M McIntyre, E.P. Robinson, S. Cotter); Irish Water, Dublin, Ireland (E. Joyce); University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (D. Dahly); Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Ireland (E. Fitzpatrick)

Main Article

Table 1

Clinicodemographic characteristics of probable SAHUE cases in children during time in which AAV2 and HAdV-F41 were detected in wastewater, Ireland*

Characteristics No. (%) cases
Age, y
<1 2
1–4 15
5–11 10
12–16
 1
Sex
M 13
F
 15
Ethnicity
White Irish 27
Other
 1
Liver transplant
Y 2
N
 26
International travel
Y 6
N 18
Unknown
 4
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status
Vaccinated 2
Unvaccinated 19
Unknown
 7
Hospitalization status
Non-ICU 21
ICU 6
Not hospitalized
 1
Positive cases
HAdV 27 (52)
AAV2 22 (63.6)
SARS-CoV-2† 25 (60)

*Information obtained from Health Protection Surveillance Centre public website on September 23, 2022 (https://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/hepatitis/acutehepatitisofunknownaetiology/title-22079-en.html). AAV2, adeno-associated virus type 2; HAdV, human adenovirus; HAdV-F41, human adenovirus type F41; ICU, intensive care unit; SAHUE, severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology. †Positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Main Article

Page created: January 24, 2023
Page updated: March 20, 2023
Page reviewed: March 20, 2023
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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