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Volume 29, Number 4—April 2023
Research

Adeno-Associated Virus 2 and Human Adenovirus F41 in Wastewater during Outbreak of Severe Acute Hepatitis in Children, Ireland

Niamh A. Martin, Gabriel Gonzalez, Liam J. Reynolds, Charlene Bennett, Christine Campbell, Tristan M. Nolan, Alannah Byrne, Sanne Fennema, Niamh Holohan, Sailusha Ratnam Kuntamukkula, Natasha Sarwar, Laura Sala-Comorera, Jonathan Dean, Jose Maria Urtasun-Elizari, Daniel Hare, Emer Liddy, Eadaoin Joyce, John J. O’Sullivan, John M. Cuddihy, Angeline M. McIntyre, Eve P. Robinson, Darren Dahly, Nicola F. Fletcher, Suzanne Cotter, Emer Fitzpatrick, Michael J. Carr, Cillian F. De Gascun, and Wim G. MeijerComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (N.A. Martin, G. Gonzalez, L.J. Reynolds, C. Bennett, C. Campbell, T.M. Nolan, A. Byrne, S. Fennema, N. Holohan, S.R. Kuntamukkula, N. Sarwar, L. Sala-Comorera, J. Dean, J.M. Urtasun-Elizari, D. Hare, J.J. O’Sullivan, N.F. Fletcher, M.J. Carr, C.F. De Gascun, W.G. Meijer); Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (G. Gonzalez, M.J. Carr); Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland (E. Liddy, J.M. Cuddihy, A.M McIntyre, E.P. Robinson, S. Cotter); Irish Water, Dublin, Ireland (E. Joyce); University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (D. Dahly); Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Ireland (E. Fitzpatrick)

Main Article

Table 2

Spearman correlations between clinical SAHUE cases in children and daily viral loads of AAV2, HAdV, and SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, Ireland*

Correlations between detected viruses
 Spearman rs (95% CI)
No. SAHUE probable cases/week
HAdV-F GC/day
 0.62 (0.382–0.781)
AAV2 VP1 GC/day
 0.57 (0.323–0.740)
AAV2 NSP GC/day
 0.55 (0.297–0.727)
SARS-CoV-2 N1 GC/day
 0.006 (−0.291 to 0.303)
No. HAdV-F clinical cases/week
HAdV-F GC/day 0.85 (0.719–0.920)
AAV2 VP1 GC/day
 0.82 (0.723–0.884)
AAV2 NSP GC/day 0.81 (0.713–0.880)
SARS-CoV-2 N1 GC/day
 0.206 (−0.022 to 0.414)
HAdV-F GC/day
AAV2 VP1 GC/day
 0.91 (0.833–0.951)
AAV2 NSP GC/day
 0.88 (0.787–0.937)
SARS-CoV-2 N1 GC/day
HAdV-F GC/day
 −0.21 (−0.494 to 0.105)
AAV2 VP1 GC/day
 0.28 (0.055–0.483)
AAV2 NSP GC/day 0.29 (0.063–0.492)

*Bold text indicates statistical significance (p<0.001). AAV2, adeno-associated virus type 2; GC, genome copies; HAdV-F, human adenovirus species F; N1, nucleocapsid protein 1; NSP, nonstructural protein; SAHUE, severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology; VP, viral protein.

Main Article

Page created: January 24, 2023
Page updated: March 20, 2023
Page reviewed: March 20, 2023
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