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Volume 30, Number 8—August 2024
Synopsis

Outbreak of Intermediate Species Leptospira venezuelensis Spread by Rodents to Cows and Humans in L. interrogans–Endemic Region, Venezuela

Lizeth Caraballo, Yaritza Rangel, Armando Reyna-Bello1, Mariana Muñoz, Roque Figueroa-Espinosa2, Carlos E. Sanz-Rodriguez3, Elba Guerrero, Carmen Luisa Loureiro, Qingyun Liu4, and Howard E. TakiffComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela (L. Caraballo, Y. Rangel, M. Muñoz, R. Figueroa-Espinosa, C.E. Sanz-Rodriguez, E. Guerrero, C.L. Loureiro, H.E. Takiff); Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez, Caracas (A. Reyna-Bello); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Q. Liu)

Main Article

Figure 2

Clinical features most strongly associated with fatal outcomes in study of outbreak of intermediate species Leptospira venezuelensis spread by rodents to cows and humans in L. interrogans–endemic region, Venezuela. Clinical features are shown for hospitalized patients who had positive PCR tests for the Leptospira rrs (16S rDNA) gene in blood or urine and either survived or succumbed to their illness. Laboratory units of measure are indicated on the x axis for each bar. Comparisons of all clinical features with 95% CIs were also determined (Appendix Tables 12, 13). p values comparing creatinine, urea, and number of lymphocytes were obtained from Pearson χ2 tests. p values comparing percentages of patients with oliguria, hemoptysis, lipL32, and dyspnea were obtained from 2-tailed t-tests. All statistical calculations were performed by using Stata 13 (StataCorp LLC, https://www.stata.com). RR, risk ratio.

Figure 2. Clinical features most strongly associated with fatal outcomes in study of outbreak of intermediate species Leptospira venezuelensis spread by rodents to cows and humans in L. interrogans–endemic region, Venezuela. Clinical features are shown for hospitalized patients who had positive PCR tests for the Leptospira rrs (16S rDNA) gene in blood or urine and either survived or succumbed to their illness. Laboratory units of measure are indicated on the x axis for each bar. Comparisons of all clinical features with 95% CIs were also determined (Appendix Tables 12, 13). p values comparing creatinine, urea, and number of lymphocytes were obtained from Pearson χ2 tests. p values comparing percentages of patients with oliguria, hemoptysis, lipL32, and dyspnea were obtained from 2-tailed t-tests. All statistical calculations were performed by using Stata 13 (StataCorp LLC, https://www.stata.com). RR, risk ratio.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Santo Domingo, Ecuador.

2Current affiliation: Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

3Current affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.

4Current affiliation: The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Page created: May 10, 2024
Page updated: August 07, 2024
Page reviewed: August 07, 2024
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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