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Disclaimer: Early release articles are not considered as final versions. Any changes will be reflected in the online version in the month the article is officially released.

Volume 32, Number 5—May 2026

Synopsis

Borna Disease Virus 1 as Cause of Fatal Meningoencephalomyelitis in Wild Hedgehogs, Germany, 2022–2025

Effrosyni Michelakaki, Benjamin Schade, Brigitte Boehm, Eva Kappe, Marcel Suchowski, Anne Kupca, Magdalena Schumacher, Anna Maria Gager, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker, Sonja Fiedler, Eva Schwarz, Zoltan Bago, Andreas Blutke, Martin Beer, Dennis Rubbenstroth1Comments to Author , and Kaspar Matiasek1
Author affiliation: Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (E. Michelakaki, S. Fiedler, E. Schwarz, A. Blutke, K. Matiasek); Bavarian Animal Health Service, Poing, Germany (B. Schade, B. Boehm, E. Kappe); Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleißheim, Germany (M. Suchowski, A. Kupca, M. Schumacher, A.M. Gager); University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (F. Liesche-Starnecker); Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Mödling, Austria (Z. Bago); Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany (M. Beer, D. Rubbenstroth)

Main Article

Figure 3

Detection of Borna disease virus 1 RNA by quantitative reverse transcription PCR in hedgehogs in study of the virus as cause of fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in wild hedgehogs, Germany, 2022–2025. Samples tested were available fresh-frozen neural and extra-neural tissues and additional samples collected postmortem. Results are presented as cycle quantification values. *Only formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissue was available for cases 1 and 2. Neg, negative.

Figure 3. Detection of Borna disease virus 1 RNA by quantitative reverse transcription PCR in hedgehogs in study of the virus as cause of fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in wild hedgehogs, Germany, 2022–2025. Samples tested were available fresh-frozen neural and extra-neural tissues and additional samples collected postmortem. Results are presented as cycle quantification values. *Only formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissue was available for cases 1 and 2. Neg, negative.

Main Article

1These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: April 02, 2026
Page updated: April 27, 2026
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