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Zoonotic and Anthroponotic Plasmodium spp. Circulation between Wild Primates and Indigenous Community, Peruvian Amazon, 2007–2020
Gabriela M. Ulloa
, Alex D. Greenwood, Omar E. Cornejo, Henar Alonso, Meddly L. Santolalla Robles, Stephanie Montero, Andres G. Lescano, and Pedro Mayor
Author affiliation: Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém-Pará, Brazil (G.M. Ulloa); Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru (G.M. Ulloa); Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany (A.D. Greenwood); Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin (A.D. Greenwood); University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA (O.E. Cornejo); University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (H. Alonso); Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima (M.L. Santolalla Robles, S. Montero, A.G. Lescano); Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima (S. Montero); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Barcelona, Spain (P. Mayor); Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica, Iquitos, Peru (P. Mayor); Museo de Culturas Indígenas Amazónicas, Iquitos (P. Mayor)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Workflow for molecular detection and validation of Plasmodium spp. infections in study of zoonotic and anthroponotic Plasmodium spp. circulation between wild primates and Indigenous community, Peruvian Amazon, 2007–2020. Schematic of laboratory procedures show DNA extraction and detection of Plasmodium spp. in human and NHP blood samples using qPCR (targeting 18S rRNA gene) and nPCR targeting mitochondrial genes (cytb and cox3). Selected samples underwent sequencing for species confirmation and external validation. cytb, cytochrome oxidase b; cox3, cytochrome c oxidase III; NHP, nonhuman primate; nPCR, nested PCR; qPCR, quantitative PCR.
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