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Volume 32, Number 5—May 2026

Research

Zoonotic and Anthroponotic Plasmodium spp. Circulation between Wild Primates and Indigenous Community, Peruvian Amazon, 2007–2020

Gabriela M. UlloaComments to Author , Alex D. Greenwood, Omar E. Cornejo, Henar Alonso, Meddly L. Santolalla Robles, Stephanie Montero, Andres G. Lescano, and Pedro Mayor
Author affiliation: Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém-Pará, Brazil (G.M. Ulloa); Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru (G.M. Ulloa); Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany (A.D. Greenwood); Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin (A.D. Greenwood); University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA (O.E. Cornejo); University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (H. Alonso); Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima (M.L. Santolalla Robles, S. Montero, A.G. Lescano); Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima (S. Montero); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Barcelona, Spain (P. Mayor); Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica, Iquitos, Peru (P. Mayor); Museo de Culturas Indígenas Amazónicas, Iquitos (P. Mayor)

Main Article

Table 2

Prevalence of Plasmodium spp. detected by nested PCR targeting cytb gene in 341 nonhuman primates from 10 species sampled in Yavarí-Mirín River basin, Loreto region, Peru, 2007–2020*

Host species Total no. samples Plasmodium spp., no. (%) P. brasilianum or P. malariae, no. (%) P. vivax or P. simium, no. (%) P. falciparum, no (%)
Atelidae 207 92 (44.44) 43 (22.75) 31 (16.40) 0
Lagothrix lagothrica poeppigii 143 57 (39.86) 32 (24.24) 14 (10.61) 0
Ateles chamek 43 18 (41.86) 5 (12.82) 9 (23.08) 0
Alouatta seniculus
 21
 17 (80.95)
 6 (33.33)
 8 (44.44)
 0
Cebidae 84 48 (57.14) 15 (20.27) 23 (31.08) 0
Sapajus macrocephalus 57 26 (45.61) 5 (9.80) 15 (29.41) 0
Cebus albifrons 19 14 (73.68) 7 (41.18) 5 (29.41) 0
Saimiri macrodon
 8
 8 (100)
 3 (50.00)
 3 (50.00)
 0
Pitheciidae 49 36 (73.47) 24 (53.33) 7 (15.56) 1 (2.22)
Cacajao calvus ucayalii 29 22 (75.86) 18 (66.67) 2 (7.41) 0
Pithecia monachus 16 10 (62.50) 6 (40.00) 2 (13.33) 1 (6.67)
Plecturocebus cupreus
 4
 4 (100)
 1 (25.00)
 3 (75.00)
 0
Callitrichidae 1 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 0
Leontocebus fuscicollis
 1
 1 (100)
 1 (100)
 0
 0
Total 341 177 (51.91) 84 (24.63) 61 (17.89) 1 (0.29)

*Data presented by taxonomic group and species. Percentages reflect proportion of positive persons for each parasite species within sampled group. Prevalence values calculated relative to total persons per host species.

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Page created: March 17, 2026
Page updated: April 28, 2026
Page reviewed: April 28, 2026
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