Volume 30, Number 7—July 2024
Research
Sialic Acid Receptor Specificity in Mammary Gland of Dairy Cattle Infected with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus
Rahul K. Nelli1, Tyler A. Harm1, Chris Siepker1, Jennifer M. Groeltz-Thrush, Brianna Jones, Ning-Chieh Twu, Ariel S. Nenninger, Drew R. Magstadt, Eric R. Burrough, Pablo E. Piñeyro, Marta Mainenti, Silvia Carnaccini, Paul J. Plummer, and Todd M. Bell
Table
Distribution of α2,3 and α2,6 receptors with influenza A virus nucleoprotein in the respiratory tract and mammary gland of US dairy cattle naturally infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus*
| Site | MAL-I | MAL-II | SNA | IAV-Np |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory tract | ||||
| Tracheal epithelium | + (mem, goblet) | + (mem, goblet) | +/− (goblet) | – |
| Bronchial epithelium | + (mem, goblet) | + (mem, goblet) | – | – |
| Bronchiolar epithelium | + (mem) | + (mem) | – | – |
| Pneumocytes, alveolus |
+ (mem) |
+ (mem) |
– |
– |
| Mammary gland | ||||
| Glandular epithelium | – | + (mem) | + (mem) | + (IN, IC) |
| Interlobular ductal epithelium | – | – | + (mem) | + (IN, IC) |
*Goblet, goblet cells; IC, intracytoplasmic; IN, intranuclear; IAV-Np, influenza A virus nucleoprotein; MAL, Maackia amurensis lectin; mem, membranous; SNA, Sambucus nigra lectin; –, no labeling observed; +, positive labeling. †α2,3-gal-β (1–4) N-acetylglucosamine. ‡α2,3-gal-β (1–3) N-acetylgalactosamine. §α2,6-gal.
1These first authors contributed equally to this article.
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