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Volume 31, Number 3—March 2025
Research

Influenza A(H5N1) Immune Response among Ferrets with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Immunity

Valerie Le SageComments to Author , Bailee D. Werner, Grace A. Merrbach, Sarah E. Petnuch, Aoife K. O’Connell, Holly C. Simmons, Kevin R. McCarthy, Douglas S. Reed, Louise H. Moncla, Disha Bhavsar, Florian Krammer, Nicholas A. Crossland, Anita K. McElroy, W. Paul Duprex, and Seema S. Lakdawala
Author affiliation: Author affiliations: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (V. Le Sage, B.D. Werner, G.A. Merrbach, S.E. Petnuch, H.C. Simmons, K.R. McCarthy, D.S. Reed, L.H. Moncla, A.K. McElroy, W.P. Duprex); Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (A.K. O’Connell, N.A. Crossland); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA (D. Bhavsar, F. Krammer); Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (F. Krammer); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (N.A. Crossland); Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.S. Lakdawala)

Main Article

Figure 8

Cross-reactive NA binding antibodies in a study of influenza A(H5N1) immune response among ferrets with pH1N1. Ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity were intranasally infected with H5N1 strain A/dairy cattle/Texas/24-008749-001/2024(H5N1). A) Serum samples were collected from 5 ferrets with pH1N1 immunity on day 98 postinfection and tested for neutralizing antibodies against pH1N1 and 2024 cow/Tx/24 H5N1 viruses. Each dot represents the antibody titer of a single ferret to neutralize 100 TCID50 of pH1N1 or cow/Tx/24 H5N1 on MDCK cells. Solid line indicates the geometric mean value for each virus; dotted line represents the limit of detection for the assay. B) Serum IgG against purified HA proteins in ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity. Solid lines show ferret serum reactivity to human HA (A/Michigan/45/2015 H1N1) and the dashed lines show ferret serum reactivity to dairy cow HA from A/dairy cattle/Texas/24008749001/2024(H5N1). Dots indicate means; whiskers indicate SDs. C) Serum IgG antibodies against purified NA proteins in ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity. Solid lines show ferret serum reactivity to human NA (A/California/07/2009 H1N1); dashed lines show ferret serum reactivity to avian NA from A/mallard/New York/22–008760–007-original/2022(H5N1). Dots indicate means; whiskers indicate SDs. Absorbance450, absorbance at 450 nm for each dilution; HA, hemagglutinin; NA, neuraminidase; pH1N1, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose.

Figure 8. Cross-reactive NA binding antibodies in a study of influenza A(H5N1) immune response among ferrets with pH1N1. Ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity were intranasally infected with H5N1 strain A/dairy cattle/Texas/24-008749-001/2024(H5N1). A) Serum samples were collected from 5 ferrets with pH1N1 immunity on day 98 postinfection and tested for neutralizing antibodies against pH1N1 and 2024 cow/Tx/24 H5N1 viruses. Each dot represents the antibody titer of a single ferret to neutralize 100 TCID50 of pH1N1 or cow/Tx/24 H5N1 on MDCK cells. Solid line indicates the geometric mean value for each virus; dotted line represents the limit of detection for the assay. B) Serum IgG against purified HA proteins in ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity. Solid lines show ferret serum reactivity to human HA (A/Michigan/45/2015 H1N1) and the dashed lines show ferret serum reactivity to dairy cow HA from A/dairy cattle/Texas/24008749001/2024(H5N1). Dots indicate means; whiskers indicate SDs. C) Serum IgG antibodies against purified NA proteins in ferrets with or without pH1N1 immunity. Solid lines show ferret serum reactivity to human NA (A/California/07/2009 H1N1); dashed lines show ferret serum reactivity to avian NA from A/mallard/New York/22–008760–007-original/2022(H5N1). Dots indicate means; whiskers indicate SDs. Absorbance450, absorbance at 450 nm for each dilution; HA, hemagglutinin; NA, neuraminidase; pH1N1, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose.

Main Article

Page created: January 21, 2025
Page updated: February 21, 2025
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