Meningococcal disease is a serious bacterial infection (caused by Neisseria meningitidis) that leads to bloodstream infections or meningitis (inflammation or swelling of the protective lining of the brain and spinal cord). Both forms of the disease are serious and can be deadly in a matter of hours.

Generally, it takes close or lengthy contact to spread the bacteria. People spread these bacteria to others by sharing respiratory and throat secretions (saliva or spit).

The most common symptoms of meningococcal disease include fever, headache, and stiff neck. Additional symptoms may include altered mental status (confusion), nausea, photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light), vomiting, and a dark purple rash.

The best way to prevent meningococcal disease is to get vaccinated. CDC recommends meningococcal vaccination for people who are at increased risk during an outbreak. People who have been exposed to someone with meningococcal disease may be recommended to take preventive antibiotics.

Even with antibiotic treatment, 10 to 15 in 100 people with meningococcal disease will die from their infection. One in 5 survivors will have long-term disabilities.