Yellow Fever Vaccine & Malaria Prevention Information, by Country

CDC Yellow Book 2024

Preparing International Travelers

Author(s): Mark Gershman, Rhett Stoney (Yellow Fever) Holly Biggs, Kathrine Tan (Malaria)

The following pages present country-specific information on yellow fever (YF) vaccine requirements and recommendations, and malaria transmission information and prevention recommendations. Country-specific maps are included to aid in interpreting the information. The information in this chapter was accurate at the time of publication; however, it is subject to change at any time due to changes in disease transmission or, in the case of YF, changing entry requirements for travelers. Updated information reflecting changes since publication can be found in the online version of this book and on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Travelers’ Health website. Recommendations for prevention of other travel-associated illnesses can also be found on the CDC Travelers’ Health website.

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry Requirements

Entry requirements for proof of YF vaccination under the International Health Regulations (IHR) differ from CDC’s YF vaccination recommendations. Under the IHR, countries are permitted to establish YF vaccine entry requirements to prevent the importation and transmission of YF virus within their boundaries. Certain countries require proof of vaccination from travelers arriving from all countries (Table 5-25); some countries require proof of vaccination only for travelers above a certain age coming from countries with risk for YF virus transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines areas with risk for YF virus transmission as countries or areas where YF virus activity has been reported currently or in the past, and where vectors and animal reservoirs exist.

Unless issued a medical waiver by a yellow fever vaccine provider, travelers must comply with entry requirements for proof of vaccination against YF.

WHO publishes a list of YF vaccine country entry requirements and recommendations for international travelers approximately annually. But because entry requirements are subject to change at any time, health care professionals and travelers should refer to the online version of this book and the CDC Travelers’ Health website for any updates before departure.

CDC Recommendations

CDC’s YF vaccine recommendations are guidance intended to protect travelers from acquiring YF virus infections during international travel. These recommendations are based on a classification system for destination-specific risk for YF virus transmission: endemic, transitional, low potential for exposure, and no risk (Table 2-08). CDC recommends YF vaccination for travel to areas classified as having endemic or transitional risk (Maps 5-10 and 5-11). Because of changes in YF virus circulation, however, recommendations can change; therefore, before departure, travelers and clinicians should check CDC’s destination pages for up-to-date YF vaccine information.

Duration of Protection

In 2015, the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices published a recommendation that 1 dose of YF vaccine provides long-lasting protection and is adequate for most travelers. The recommendation also identifies specific groups of travelers who should receive additional doses, and others for whom additional doses should be considered (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 26, Yellow Fever). In July 2016, WHO officially amended the IHR to stipulate that a completed International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis is valid for the lifetime of the vaccinee, and YF vaccine booster doses are not necessary. Moreover, countries cannot require proof of revaccination (booster) against YF as a condition of entry, even if the traveler’s last vaccination was >10 years ago.

Ultimately, when deciding whether to vaccinate travelers, clinicians should take into account destination-specific risks for YF virus infection, and individual risk factors (e.g., age, immune status) for serious YF vaccine–associated adverse events, in the context of the entry requirements. See Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 26, Yellow Fever, for a full discussion of YF disease and vaccination guidance.

Table 2-08 Yellow fever (YF) vaccine recommendation categories1

YF VACCINE RECOMMENDATION CATEGORY RATIONALE
Recommended Vaccination recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas with endemic or transitional YF risk, as determined by persistent or periodic YF virus transmission
Generally not recommended Vaccination generally not recommended for travel to areas where the potential for YF virus exposure is low, as determined by absence of reports of human YF and past evidence suggestive of only low levels of YF virus transmission

Vaccination might be considered for a small subset of travelers at increased risk for exposure to YF virus due to prolonged travel, heavy mosquito exposure, or inability to avoid mosquito bites
Not recommended Vaccination not recommended for travel to areas where there is no risk for YF virus transmission, as determined by absence of past or present evidence of YF virus circulation in the area or environmental conditions not conducive to YF virus transmission
1This table is an abbreviated version of Table 1 from: Jentes ES, Poumerol G, Gershman MD, et al. The revised global yellow fever risk map and recommendations for vaccination, 2010: consensus of the Informal WHO Working Group on Geographic Risk for Yellow Fever. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011 Aug;11(8):622– 32. The categories of risk of YF virus transmission and corresponding categories of YF vaccine recommendations that appear here are taken unchanged from the referenced article.

Malaria Prevention

The following recommendations to protect travelers from malaria were developed using the best available data from multiple sources. Countries are not required to submit malaria surveillance data to CDC. On an ongoing basis, CDC actively solicits data from multiple sources, including WHO (main and regional offices); national malaria control programs; international organizations; CDC overseas offices; US military; academic, research, and aid organizations; and the published scientific literature. The reliability and accuracy of those data are also assessed.

If the information is available, trends in malaria incidence and other data are considered in the context of malaria control activities within a given country or other mitigating factors (e.g., natural disasters, wars, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic) that can affect the ability to control malaria or accurately count and report it. Factors such as the volume of travel to that country and the number of acquired cases reported in the US surveillance system are also examined. In developing its recommendations, CDC considers areas within countries where malaria transmission occurs, substantial occurrences of antimalarial drug resistance, the proportions of species present, and the available malaria prophylaxis options.

Clinicians should use these recommendations in conjunction with an individual risk assessment and consider not only the destination but also the detailed itinerary, including specific cities, types of accommodations, season, and style of travel, as well as special health conditions (e.g., pregnancy). Several medications are available for malaria prophylaxis. When deciding which drug to use, consider the itinerary and length of trip, travelers’ previous adverse reactions to antimalarials, drug allergies, medical history, and drug costs. For a thorough discussion of malaria and guidance for prophylaxis, see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 16, Malaria.



Afghanistan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation (April–December)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (primarily)
  • P. falciparum (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Malaria prevention in Afghanistan

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Afghanistan

Albania

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Albania

Algeria

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Algeria

American Samoa (U.S.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to American Samoa

Andorra

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Andorra

Angola

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Angola

Anguilla (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Anguilla (U.K.)

Antarctica

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Antarctica

Antigua and Barbuda

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Antigua and Barbuda

Argentina

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to Corrientes and Misiones Provinces.
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to Formosa Province or to designated areas of Chaco, Jujuy, and Salta Provinces.b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to provinces and areas not listed above.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Related Maps

Map 1.5.1: Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Argentina & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Argentina

Armenia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Armenia

Aruba (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Aruba

Australia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Australia

Austria

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Austria

Azerbaijan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Azerbaijan

Azores (Portugal)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Azores

Bahamas, The

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to The Bahamas

Bahrain

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bahrain

Bangladesh

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Districts of Chittagong Hill Tract (Bandarban, Khagrachari, and Rangamati); and the following districts: Chattogram (Chittagong) and Cox’s Bazar (in Chattogram [Chittagong] Division); Mymensingh, Netrakona, and Sherpur (in Mymensingh Division); Kurigram (in Rangpur Division); Habiganj, Moulvibazar, Sunamganj, and Sylhet (in Sylhet Division)
  • No malaria transmission in Dhaka (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (80%)
  • P. vivax (20%)
  • P. malariae (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.16: Malaria prevention in Bangladesh

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bangladesh

Barbados

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old3; travelers arriving from Guyana or Trinidad and Tobago are exempt from this requirement, unless an outbreak is occurring.
 

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Barbados

Belarus

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Belarus

Belgium

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Belgium

Belize

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Belize

Benin

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Benin

Bermuda (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bermuda (U.K.)

Bhutan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare cases in rural areas <1,700 m (<5,500 ft) elevation in districts along the southern border shared with India

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (primarily)
  • P. falciparum (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bhutan

Bolivia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥1 year old.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for travelers ≥9 months old going to areas <2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, east of the Andes Mountains: the entire departments of Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz, and designated areas in the departments of Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, and Tarija.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation and any areas not listed above, including the cities of La Paz (administrative capital) and Sucre (constitutional [legislative and judicial] capital).


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation
  • No malaria transmission in La Paz (administrative capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (99%)
  • P. falciparum (1%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bolivia

Bonaire (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bonaire

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bosnia and Herzegovina

Botswana

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Districts/subdistricts of Bobirwa, Boteti, Chobe (including Chobe National Park), Ghanzi, Mahalapye, Ngamiland (Ngami), North-East (including its capital, Francistown), Okavango, Serowe/Palapye, and Tutume
  • Rare cases or sporadic foci of transmission in districts/subdistricts of Kgalagadi North, Kgatleng, Kweneng, and Southern
  • No malaria transmission in Gaborone (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Districts/subdistricts of Bobirwa, Boteti, Chobe (including Chobe National Park), Ghanzi, Mahalapye, Ngamiland (Ngami), North-East (including its capital, Francistown), Okavango, Serowe/Palapye, and Tutume: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Areas with rare cases or sporadic foci of transmission: no chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Botswana

Brazil

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for travelers ≥9 months old going to the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Distrito Federal (including the capital city, Brasília), Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro (including the city of Rio de Janeiro and all coastal islands), Rio Grande do Sul, Rondônia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São Paulo (including the city of São Paulo and all coastal islands), Tocantins, and designated areas of Bahia; vaccination is also recommended for travelers going to Iguaçu Falls.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to any areas not listed above, including the cities of Fortaleza and Recife.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Rondônia, and Roraima
  • Present in the states of Maranhão, Mato Grosso, and Pará, but rare cases in their capital cities (São Luis [capital of Maranhão], Cuiabá [capital of Mato Grosso], Belém [capital of Pará])
  • Rare cases and sporadic foci of transmission in rural and forested areas in the states of Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, São Paolo, and Tocantins
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Brasília (the capital), Rio de Janeiro, or São Paolo
  • No malaria transmission at Iguaçu Falls

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (90%)
  • P. falciparum (10%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Areas with rare cases: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Brazil

British Indian Ocean Territory; includes Diego Garcia (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to British Indian Ocean Territory (U.K.)

Brunei

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare transmission of P. knowlesi6 in primarily forested or forest-fringe areas

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. knowlesi6 (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Brunei

Bulgaria

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Burkina Faso

Burma (Myanmar)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine and mefloquine

Species

  • P. vivax (80%)
  • P. falciparum (20%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Areas in the regions of Bago and Tanintharyi; and in the states of Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, and Shan: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Burma (Myanmar)

Burundi

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Burundi

Cambodia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Primarily isolated to pockets in rural and forested areas
  • Rare cases in non-forested areas
  • No (or negligible) malaria transmission in the cities of Phnom Penh (the capital) and Siem Reap
  • No (or negligible) malaria transmission at the main temple complex at Angkor Wat

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine and mefloquine

Species

  • P. vivax (95%)
  • P. falciparum (5%)
  • P. malariae and P. knowlesi6 (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Rural and forested areas: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, primaquine5, tafenoquine2
  • Areas with rare cases: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.19: Malaria prevention in Cambodia

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cambodia

Cameroon

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥1 year old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cameroon

Canada

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Canada

Canary Islands ( Spain )

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Canary Islands (Spain)

Cape Verde

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cape Verde

Cayman Islands (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cayman Islands (U.K.)

Central African Republic

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Central African Republic

Chad

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas south of the Sahara Desert.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas in the Sahara Desert.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.4: Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Chad & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Chad

Chile

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Chile

China

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission;3 travelers with itineraries limited to Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) or Macao SAR are exempt from this requirement.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to China

Christmas Island (Australia)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission;3 travelers arriving from the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador are exempt from this requirement.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Christmas Island (Australia)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3 Travelers arriving from the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador are exempt from this requirement.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)

Colombia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old arriving from Angola, Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, or Uganda; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in any of these countries.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old except as follows
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to the cities of Barranquilla, Cali, Cartagena, or Medellín.b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, the archipelago department of San Andrés and Providencia, or the city of Bogotá (the capital). 


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <1,700 m (<5,600 ft) elevation
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Bogotá (the capital), Cartagena, or Medellín

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (50%)
  • P. vivax (50%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Colombia

Comoros

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae and P. vivax (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Comoros

Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Congo, Republic of the

Cook Islands (New Zealand)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cook Islands (New Zealand)

Costa Rica

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes travelers arriving from Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zambia; travelers arriving from Argentina and Panama are exempt from this requirement.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Present in the provinces of Alajuela and Limón
  • Rare to no transmission in other parts of the country

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. falciparum (86%)
  • P. vivax (14%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Alajuela and Limón Provinces: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.21: Malaria prevention in Costa Rica

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Costa Rica

Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Côte d'Ivoire

Croatia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Croatia

Cuba

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cuba

Curaçao (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Curaçao

Cyprus

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Cyprus

Czechia (Czech Republic)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Czechia

Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Democratic Republic of the Congo

Denmark

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Denmark

Djibouti

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (60–70%)
  • P. vivax (30–40%)
  • P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Djibouti

Dominica

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Dominica

Dominican Republic

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old arriving from the following states in Brazil: Espírito Santo, Mina Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in any of these states.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Primarily in the provinces (including resort areas) of Azua, Elias Piña, La Altagracia, San Juan, and Santo Domingo
  • In the Distrito Nacional, city of Santo Domingo (the capital), primarily in the La Ciénaga and Los Tres Brazos areas
  • Rare transmission in other provinces

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. falciparum (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Provinces (including resort areas) of Azua, Elias Piña, La Altagracia, San Juan, and Santo Domingo: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.22: Malaria prevention in Dominican Republic

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Dominican Republic

Easter Island (Chile)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Easter Island has not stated its YF vaccination certificate requirements

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Easter Island (Chile).

Ecuador, including the Galápagos Islands

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old arriving from Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, or Uganda; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in any of these countries.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for travelers ≥9 months old going to areas <2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, east of the Andes Mountains, in the provinces of Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Sucumbíos, Tungurahua*, and Zamora-Chinchipe.
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to areas <2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, west of the Andes Mountains, in the provinces of Esmeraldas,* Guayas, Los Ríos, Manabí, Santa Elena, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, and designated areas in the provinces of Azuay, Bolívar, Cañar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Imbabura, Loja, and Pichincha.b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, the cities of Guayaquil or Quito (the capital), or the Galápagos Islands.
*CDC recommendations differ from those published by WHO.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Areas <1,500 m (<5,000 ft) elevation in the provinces of Cotopaxi, Esmeraldas, Morona-Santiago, Orellana, Pastaza, and Sucumbíos
  • Rare cases <1,500 m (<5,000 ft) in all other provinces
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Guayaquil or Quito (the capital)
  • No malaria transmission on the Galápagos Islands

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (85%)
  • P. falciparum (15%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Transmission areas in the provinces of Cotopaxi, Esmeraldas, Morona-Santiago, Orellana, Pastaza, and Sucumbíos: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with reported malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Ecuador.

Egypt

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Egypt

El Salvador

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to El Salvador

Equatorial Guinea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to the regions of: Anseba, Debub (also known as South or Southern Region), Gash Barka, Ma’ekel (also known as Ma’akel or Central Region), or Semenawi K’eyih Bahri (also known as Northern Red Sea Region).b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel to any areas not listed above, including the Dahlak Archipelago.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <2,200 m (<7,200 ft) elevation
  • No malaria transmission in Asmara (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (80–85%)
  • P. vivax (15–20%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Malaria prevention in Eritrea

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Eritrea.

Estonia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Estonia

Eswatini (Swaziland)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Eastern areas bordering Mozambique and South Africa, including the entire region of Lubombo and the eastern half of Hhohho, Manzini, and Shiselweni Regions

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Eswatini

Ethiopia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old except as follows.
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to the regions of Afar or Somali.b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (70%)
  • P. vivax (30%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • All areas <2,500m (8,200 ft) elevation, including Addis Ababa: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Ethiopia

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), UK Overseas Territory (also claimed by Argentina)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Faroe Islands (Denmark)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Faroe Islands (Denmark)

Fiji

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Fiji

Finland

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Finland

France

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to France

French Guiana

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥1 year old.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Areas associated with gold mining, primarily the communes near the border with Brazil and Suriname, especially Régina and Saint-Georges-de-l’Oyapock; also, the communes of Kourou, Matoury, and Saint-Élie
  • No malaria transmission in coastal areas west of Kourou
  • No malaria transmission in Cayenne City (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (85%)
  • P. falciparum (15%)
  • P. malariae (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to French Guiana (France)

French Polynesia (France), including the Society Islands [Bora-Bora, Moorea & Tahiti]; Marquesas Islands [Hiva Oa & Ua Huka]; and Austral Islands (Tubuai & Rurutu)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to French Polynesia (France)

Gabon

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Gabon

Gambia, The

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to The Gambia

Georgia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Georgia

Germany

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Germany

Ghana

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Ghana

Gibraltar (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Gibraltar (U.K.)

Greece

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare, local transmission in agricultural areas, associated with imported malaria (May–November)
  • No malaria transmission in tourist areas

Drug resistance2

  • Not applicable

Species

  • P. vivax (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Greece

Greenland (Denmark)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Greenland (Denmark)

Grenada

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Grenada

Guadeloupe (including Marie-Galante, La Désirade & Îles des Saintes)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guadeloupe

Guam (U.S.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guam (U.S.)

Guatemala

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Primarily in the departments of Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Escuintla, Izabal, and Petén
  • Few cases reported in other departments
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Antigua or Guatemala City (the capital)
  • No malaria transmission at Lake Atitlán

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (99%)
  • P. falciparum (1%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Departments of Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Escuintla, Izabal, and Petén: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2
  • Other areas with reported malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.25: Malaria prevention in Guatemala

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guatemala

Guinea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required (see exception below for those arriving at Ahmed Sékou Touré International Airport in Conakry).
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3
  • Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers from all countries if traveler is  ≥9 months of age and arriving at Ahmed Sékou Touré International Airport in Conakry.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥1 year old.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guinea-Bissau

Guyana

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >4-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All
  • Rare cases in the cities of Georgetown (the capital) and New Amsterdam

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (60%)
  • P. falciparum (40%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • All areas (except the cities of Georgetown and New Amsterdam): Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Cities of Georgetown and Amsterdam: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Malaria prevention in Guyana

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Guyana

Haiti

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All (including Labadee, also known as Port Labadee)

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. falciparum (99%)
  • P. malariae (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Haiti

Honduras

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers 1–60 years old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Throughout the country and on the island of Roatán and other Bay Islands
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of San Pedro Sula or Tegucigalpa (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (70%)
  • P. falciparum (30%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.26: Malaria prevention in Honduras

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Honduras

Hong Kong (China)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Hong Kong SAR (China)

Hungary

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Hungary

Iceland

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Iceland

India

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission (see list of countries below as specified by India): Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old, and any traveler ≥9 months old arriving by air or by sea without a YF vaccination certificate will be detained in isolation for ≤6 days if they:
    • Arrive within 6 days of leaving an area with risk for YF virus transmission, or
    • Have been in such an area in transit (exception: passengers and members of flight crews who, while in transit through an airport in an area with risk for YF virus transmission, remained in the airport during their entire stay and the health officer agrees to such an exemption), or
    • Arrive on a ship that started from or touched at any port in an area with risk for YF virus transmission ≤30 days before its arrival in India, unless such a ship has been disinsected in accordance with the procedure recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), or
    • Arrive on an aircraft that has been in an area with risk for YF virus transmission and has not been disinsected in accordance with the Indian Aircraft Public Health Rules, 1954, or as recommended by WHO.
The following countries are regarded by the Government of India as areas with risk for YF virus transmission.
  • Africa: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sudan, Togo, Uganda
  • Americas: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago (Trinidad only), Venezuela
Note: When a case of YF is reported from any country, the Government of India regards that country as an area with risk for YF virus transmission and adds it to the above list.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Throughout the country, including the cities of Bombay (Mumbai) and New Delhi (the capital)
  • No malaria transmission in areas >2,000 m (>6,500 ft) elevation, which include areas in Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Ladakh, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, or Uttarakhand

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (60%)
  • P. vivax (40%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to India

Indonesia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas of eastern Indonesia (the provinces of Maluku, North Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara, Papua, and West Papua), including the town of Labuan Bajo and the Komodo Islands in the Nusa Tenggara region
  • Rural areas of Kalimantan (Borneo), West Nusa Tenggara (includes the island of Lombok), Sulawesi, and Sumatra
  • Low transmission in rural areas of Java, including Pangandaran, Sukabumi, and Ujung Kulon
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Jakarta (the capital) or Ubud
  • No malaria transmission in the resort areas of Bali or Java, the Gili Islands, or the Thousand Islands (Pulau Seribu)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine (P. falciparum and P. vivax)

Species

  • P. falciparum (60%)
  • P. vivax (40%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine3

Related Maps

Map 1.5.27: Malaria prevention in Indonesia

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Indonesia

Iran

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Previously, March–November in rural areas of Fars Province, Sistan-Baluchestan Province, and southern, tropical parts of Hormozgan and Kerman Provinces
  • Recent outbreaks in Sistan-Baluchestan Province near the border with Pakistan

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (90%)
  • P. falciparum (10%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Sistan-Baluchestan Province along the border with Pakistan: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with previous transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Iran

Iraq

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Iraq

Ireland

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Ireland

Israel

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Israel, including the West Bank and Gaza

Italy (including Holy See [Vatican City])

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Italy

Jamaica

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Jamaica

Japan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Japan

Jordan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Jordan

Kazakhstan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers; this includes airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kazakhstan

Kenya

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old except as follows.
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to: the city of Nairobi (the capital); the counties of the former North Eastern Province (Mandera, Wajir, and Garissa); or the counties (except Taita-Taveta) of the former Coast Province (Kilifi, including the city of Malindi; Kwale; Lamu; Mombasa, including the city of Mombasa; Tana River).b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas (including game parks) <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation; rare cases in the highly urbanized central part of the city of Nairobi (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Highly urbanized central part of the city of Nairobi: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kenya

Kiribati (formerly Gilbert Islands), includes Tarawa, Tabuaeran (Fanning Island), and Banaba (Ocean Island)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kiribati

Kosovo

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kosovo

Kuwait

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Kyrgyzstan

Laos

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Present in the southern part of the country in the provinces of Attapeu, Champasak, Khammouane, Salavan, Savannakhet, and Sekong
  • Rare cases in the northern part of the country
  • None in the cities of Luang Prabang and Vientiane (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine and mefloquine

Species

  • P. vivax (55%)
  • P. falciparum (45%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • In the provinces of Attapeu, Champasak, Khammouane, Salavan, Savannakhet, and Sekong: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, tafenoquine2
  • Northern part of the country: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.29: Malaria prevention in Laos

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Laos

Latvia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Latvia

Lebanon

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Lebanon

Lesotho

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Lesotho

Liberia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Liberia

Libya

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Libya

Liechtenstein

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Lithuania

Luxembourg

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Luxembourg

Macau (China)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Macau SAR (China)

Madagascar

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All; except in Antananarivo (the capital) where malaria transmission is rare

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. ovale and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • All areas (except the city of Antananarivo): Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Antananarivo: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Malaria prevention in Madagascar

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Madagascar

Madeira Islands (Portugal)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Madeira Islands (Portugal)

Malawi

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Malawi

Malaysia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Zoonotic transmission of P. knowlesi malaria occurs in rural, forested areas
  • No malaria transmission in other areas, including Kuala Lumpur (the capital), in Penang State, on Penang Island, or in George Town (capital of Penang State)

Drug resistance2

  • Previously, chloroquine

Species

  • P. knowlesi6 (primarily)
  • Previously, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • In rural, forested areas: atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.30: Malaria prevention in Malaysia

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Malaysia

Maldives

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Maldives

Mali

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas in the Sahara Desert.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.9: Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Mali & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mali

Malta

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Malta

Marshall Islands

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Marshall Islands

Martinique

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Martinique (France)

Mauritania

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas south of the Sahara Desert.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas in the Sahara Desert.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All; except in the regions of Dakhlet Nouadhibou and Tiris Zemmour where there is no transmission

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mauritania

Mauritius

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mauritius

Mayotte (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare cases

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mayotte (France)

Mexico

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Campeche, Chiapas, and the southern part of Chihuahua state
  • Rare in the states of Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tabasco
  • No malaria transmission along the U.S.–Mexico border

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Campeche, Chiapas, and the southern part of Chihuahua state: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.31: Malaria prevention in Mexico

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mexico

Micronesia, Federated States of (including Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei & Yap)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to the Federated States of Micronesia

Moldova

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Moldova

Monaco

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Monaco

Mongolia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mongolia

Montenegro

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Montenegro

Montserrat (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Montserrat (U.K.)

Morocco

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Morocco

Mozambique

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Mozambique

Namibia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • In the regions of Kavango (East and West), Kunene, Ohangwena, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa, and Zambezi
  • Rare in other parts of the country
  • No malaria transmission in Windhoek (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Kavango (East and West), Kunene, Ohangwena, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa, and Zambezi: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.32: Malaria prevention in Namibia

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Namibia

Nauru

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Nauru

Nepal

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Sudurpashchim and Karnali provinces in areas <2,000m (~6,500 ft) elevation
  • Rare cases in other areas throughout the country in areas <2,000 m (~6,500 ft) elevation
  • No malaria transmission in Kathmandu (the capital), Pokhara, or on typical Himalayan treks

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (primarily)
  • P. falciparum (<10%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Areas <2,000m in Sudurpashchim and Kernali Provinces: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with reported malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.33: Malaria prevention in Nepal

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Nepal

Netherlands

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to The Netherlands

Netherlands Antilles (Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, St. Eustasius, and St. Maarten)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: See Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, St. Eustasius, and St. Maarten for yellow fever information.

CDC recommendations: Not recommended


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • See Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, St. Eustasius, and St. Maarten for malaria information.

New Caledonia (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3
  • In the event of an epidemic threat to the territory, a specific vaccination certificate may be required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to New Caledonia (France)

New Zealand

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to New Zealand

Nicaragua

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Región Autónoma Atlántico Norte (RAAN) and Región Autónoma Atlántico Sur (RAAS)
  • Rare cases in the departments of Boaco, Chinandega, Estelí, Jinotega, León, Matagalpa, Nueva Segovia, and other parts of the country
  • No malaria transmission in Managua (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (80%)
  • P. falciparum (20%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Región Autónoma Atlántico Norte (RAAN) and Región Autónoma Atlántico Sur (RAAS): Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.34: Malaria prevention in Nicaragua

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Nicaragua

Niger

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas south of the Sahara Desert.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas in the Sahara Desert.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.11: Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Niger & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Niger

Nigeria

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Nigeria

Niue (New Zealand)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Niue (New Zealand)

Norfolk Island (Australia)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission;3 travelers arriving from the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador are exempt from this requirement.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Norfolk Island (Australia)

North Korea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Southern provinces

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to North Korea

North Macedonia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: None

CDC recommendations: Not recommended


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to North Macedonia.

Date last updated: October 4, 2024

Northern Mariana Islands (U.S.), includes Saipan, Tinian, and Rota Island

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Northern Mariana Islands (U.S.)

Norway

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Norway

Oman

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old, with the addition of Rwanda and Tanzania; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare sporadic transmission after importation only

Drug resistance2

  • Previously, chloroquine

Species

  • Previously, P. falciparum and P. vivax

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Oman

Pakistan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas (including all cities) <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (80%)
  • P. falciparum (20%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.35: Malaria prevention in Pakistan

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Pakistan

Palau

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Palau

Panama

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to all mainland areas east of the Canal Zone including Darién Province, the indigenous provinces (comarcas indígena) of Emberá and Kuna Yala (also spelled Guna Yala), and areas of the provinces of Colón and Panamá, east of the Canal Zone.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to the Canal Zone; areas west of the Canal Zone; Panama City (the capital); Balboa district (Pearl Islands) of Panamá Province; or the San Blas Islands of Kuna Yala Province.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • The provinces of Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí, Colón, Darién, Panamá, Panamá Oeste, and Veraguas
  • The indigenous provinces (comarcas indígena) of Emberá, Kuna Yala (also spelled Guna Yala) and Ngäbe-Buglé
  • Rare cases in other parts of the country
  • No malaria transmission in the Canal Zone or in Panama City (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine (east of the Panama Canal)

Species

  • P. vivax (97%)
  • P. falciparum (3%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Darién, Emberá, Kuna Yala, and Panamá Provinces : Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2
  • Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí, Colón, Ngäbe-Buglé, Panamá Oeste, and Veraguas Provinces: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Panama

Papua New Guinea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Throughout the country in areas <2,000 m (<6,500 ft) elevation

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine (both P. falciparum and P. vivax)

Species

  • P. falciparum (75%)
  • P. vivax (25%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.37: Malaria prevention in Papua New Guinea

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Papua New Guinea

Paraguay

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old arriving from Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, or Venezuela; this includes >24-hour airport transits or layovers in those countries.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old except as follows
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to the city of Asunción (the capital).b


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Related Maps

Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Paraguay & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Paraguay

Peru

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas <2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation in the regions of Amazonas, Cusco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín, and Ucayali, and designated areas of Ancash (far northeast), Apurímac (far north), Ayacucho (north and northeast), Cajamarca (north and east), Huancavelica (far north), La Libertad (east), and Piura (east).
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to the following areas west of the Andes: the region of Tumbes and designated areas of Cajamarca (west-central), Lambayeque (west-central), and Piura (west).b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300 m (7,550 ft) elevation, areas west of the Andes not listed above, the city of Lima (the capital), and the highland tourist areas (the city of Cusco, the Inca Trail, and Machu Picchu).


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas of the country <2,500 m (<8,200 ft) elevation east of the Andes, including the cities of Iquitos and Puerto Maldonado
  • Rare cases in Tumbes and Piura regions
  • No malaria transmission in the following areas: Lima Province; the cities of Arequipa, Ica, Moquegua, Nazca, Puno, or Tacna; the highland tourist areas (the city of Cusco, Machu Picchu, Lake Titicaca); along the central and southern Pacific Coast

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (80%)
  • P. falciparum (20%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Areas <2,500m (<8,200 ft) elevation east of the Andes (see map): Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission (see map): No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Peru

Philippines

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Province of Palawan and the Mindanao Island group
  • No malaria transmission in metropolitan Manila (the capital) or other urban areas

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (85%)
  • P. vivax (15%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Philippines

Pitcairn Islands (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Pitcairn Islands (U.K.)

Poland

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Poland

Portugal

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Portugal

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Puerto Rico (U.S.)

Qatar

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Qatar

Réunion (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Réunion (France)

Romania

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Romania

Russia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Russia

Rwanda

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to Rwanda.b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Rwanda

Saba (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saba

Saint Barthelemy (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Barthelemy (France)

Saint Helena (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3
  • For YF vaccine entry requirements and recommendations and malaria prevention information for Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha archipelago, see: United Kingdom (including Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Ascension Island, and Tristan Da Cunha Archipelago).

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Helena (U.K.)

Saint Kitts (Saint Christopher) & Nevis

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Kitts and Nevis

Saint Lucia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Lucia

Saint Martin (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Martin

Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)

San Marino

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to San Marino

São Tomé and Príncipe

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to São Tomé and Príncipe.b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to São Tomé and Príncipe

Saudi Arabia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Asir and Jazan (also spelled Jizan) Regions near the Yemen border only
  • No malaria transmission in the cities of Jeddah, Mecca, Medina, Riyadh (the capital), or Ta’if

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. vivax (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Saudi Arabia

Senegal

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Senegal

Serbia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Serbia

Seychelles

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Seychelles

Sierra Leone

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all travelers.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sierra Leone

Singapore

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Singapore

Sint Eustatius (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥6 months old.*,3
*YF vaccine is recommended for people aged ≥9 months. Ages 6–8 months is a precaution (relative contraindication) to receiving YF vaccine (see Yellow Fever chapter).

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sint Eustatius

Sint Maarten (Netherlands)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sint Maarten

Slovakia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Slovakia

Slovenia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Slovenia

Solomon Islands

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (70%)
  • P. falciparum (30%)
  • P. ovale (<1%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Solomon Islands

Somalia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to the regions of Bakool, Banaadir, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan (also spelled Hiran), Lower Juba (also known as Jubbada Hoose), Middle Juba (also known as Jubbada Dhexe), Lower Shabelle (also known as Shabeellaha Hoose), or Middle Shabelle (also known as Shabeellaha Dhexe).
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel to areas not listed above.b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (90%)
  • P. vivax (5–10%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Somalia

South Africa

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Along the border with Mozambique and Zimbabwe
  • KwaZulu-Natal Province: uMkhanyakude District; the districts of King Cetshwayo and Zululand (few cases)
  • Limpopo Province: the districts of Mopani and Vhembe; the districts of Capricorn, Greater Sekhukhune, and Waterberg (few cases)
  • Mpumalanga Province: Ehlanzeni District
  • Kruger National Park

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • KwaZulu-Natal Province (uMkhanyakude District); Limpopo Province (the districts of Mopani and Vhembe); Mpumalanga Province (Ehlanzeni District); and Kruger National Park: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission (including the districts of King Cetshwayo and Zululand in KwaZulu-Natal Province, and the districts of Capricorn, Greater Sekhukhune, and Waterberg in Limpopo Province): No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.39: Malaria prevention in South Africa

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to South Africa

South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands (UK, also claimed by Argentina)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands has not stated its YF vaccination certificate requirements.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (U.K.)

South Korea

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Limited to the months of March–December in rural areas in the northern parts of the provinces of Incheon (also spelled Inch’ŏn), Gangwon (also spelled Kangwŏn), and Gyeonggi (also spelled Kyŏnggi), including the demilitarized zone (DMZ)

Drug resistance2

  • None

Species

  • P. vivax (100%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine5, or tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.40: Malaria prevention in South Korea

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to South Korea

South Sudan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to South Sudan

Spain

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Spain

Sri Lanka

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sri Lanka

Sudan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old going to areas south of the Sahara Desert.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas in the Sahara Desert or the city of Khartoum (the capital).


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (90%)
  • P. vivax (5–10%)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.14: Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Sudan & neighboring countries

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sudan

Suriname

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • No indigenous cases since 2021
  • Previously, primarily in Sipaliwini District, near the border with French Guiana, with limited transmission in Brokopondo, Marowijne, and Para (near the border with French Guiana)

Drug resistance2

  • Previously, chloroquine

Species

  • Previously, P. vivax (primarily)
  • Previously, P. falciparum (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Suriname

Sweden

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Sweden

Switzerland

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Switzerland

Syria

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Syria

Taiwan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Taiwan

Tajikistan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tajikistan

Tanzania

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to Tanzania.b


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas below 1,800 m (5,900 ft) elevation

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae and P. ovale (less commonly)
  • P. vivax (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Map 1.5.41: Malaria prevention in Tanzania

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tanzania

Thailand

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Primarily the provinces that border Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia (rare cases in Buri Ram Province), and Malaysia (especially in the rural forest and forest-fringe areas of these provinces)
  • Rare to few cases in other parts of Thailand, including the cities of Bangkok (the capital), Chiang Mai, and Chiang Rai, or on the islands of Koh Pha Ngan, Koh Samui, or Phuket
  • No malaria transmission on the islands of Krabi Province (Koh Lanta, Koh Phi Phi, Koh Yao Noi, Koh Yao Yai) or in Pattaya City

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine and mefloquine

Species

  • P. vivax (80%)
  • P. falciparum (<20%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Provinces that border Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia (except Buri Ram Province), and Malaysia: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission (including Buri Ram province): No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.42: Malaria prevention in Thailand

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Thailand

Timor-Leste (East Timor)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rare cases; outbreak in Indonesia border area in 2020

Drug resistance2

  • Previously, chloroquine

Species

  • Previously, P. falciparum (50%)
  • Previously, P. vivax (50%)
  • Previously, P. malariae and P. ovale (each <1%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • None (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Timor-Leste (East Timor)

Togo

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥9 months old

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Togo

Tokelau (New Zealand)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tokelau (New Zealand)

Tonga

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tonga

Trinidad and Tobago

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for travelers ≥9 months old going to densely forested areas on Trinidad.
  • Vaccine is not recommended for cruise ship passengers, airplane passengers in transit, or travel limited to Tobago.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Trinidad and Tobago

Tunisia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tunisia

Türkiye (Turkey)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Turkey

Turkmenistan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Turkmenistan

Turks and Caicos Islands (U.K.)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Turks and Caicos Islands (U.K.)

Tuvalu

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Tuvalu

Uganda

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is required for all arriving travelers ≥1 year old.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Uganda

Ukraine

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom (including Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Ascension Island & Tristan Da Cunha Archipelago)

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to United Kingdom

United States of America

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to United States

Uruguay

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Uruguay

Uzbekistan

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Uzbekistan

Vanuatu

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (primarily)
  • P. falciparum and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Vanuatu

Venezuela

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old arriving from Brazil; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in Brazil.

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is recommended for all travelers ≥9 months old except as follows.
  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel limited to the Distrito Capital or the states of Aragua, Carabobo, Miranda, Vargas, or Yaracuy.b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300m (>7,550 ft) elevation in the states of Mérida, Táchira, or Trujillo; the states of Falcón or Lara; Margarita Island; or the cities of Caracas (the capital) or Valencia.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <1,700 m (<5,600 ft) elevation and Angel Falls

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. vivax (75%)
  • P. falciparum (25%)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Venezuela

Vietnam

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • Rural areas only; rare cases in the Mekong and Red River Deltas
  • None in the cities of Da Nang, Hai Phong, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), Nha Trang, and Quy Nhon

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine and mefloquine

Species

  • P. vivax (55%)
  • P. falciparum (44%)
  • P. knowlesi,6 P. malariae, and P. ovale (rare)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Provinces of Bình Dương, Bình Phước, Đắk Lắk, Đắk Nông, Gia Lai, Khánh Hòa, Kon Tum, Lâm Đồng, Ninh Thuận, Tây Ninh: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, tafenoquine2
  • All other areas with malaria transmission (except Mekong and Red River Deltas): Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2
  • Mekong and Red River Deltas: No chemoprophylaxis recommended (insect bite precautions and mosquito avoidance only)4

Related Maps

Map 1.5.44: Malaria prevention in Vietnam

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Vietnam

Virgin Islands, British

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Virgin Islands, British 

Virgin Islands, U.S.

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Virgin Islands, U.S.

Wake Island, U.S.

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

No malaria transmission

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Wake Island

Yemen

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements: Vaccine is not required.

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All areas <2,000 m (<6,500 ft) elevation
  • No malaria transmission in Sana’a (the capital)

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Related Maps

Malaria prevention in Yemen

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Yemen

Zambia

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥1 year old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations:

  • Vaccine is generally not recommended for travel to North-Western Province or Western Province.b
  • Vaccine is not recommended for travel to any areas not listed above.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Zambia

Zimbabwe

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Entry requirements:

  • Direct travel from United States: Vaccine is not required.
  • Travel from countries with risk for YF virus transmission: Vaccine is required for travelers ≥9 months old; this includes >12-hour airport transits or layovers in countries with risk for YF virus transmission.3

CDC recommendations: Vaccine is not recommended.


Malaria Prevention

Transmission areas

  • All

Drug resistance2

  • Chloroquine

Species

  • P. falciparum (primarily)
  • P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (less commonly)

Recommended chemoprophylaxis

  • Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine2

Other Vaccines to Consider

See Health Information for Travelers to Zimbabwe

Footnotes

Yellow Fever Vaccine

1Current as of November 2022. This is an update of the 2010 map created by the Informal WHO Working Group on the Geographic Risk of Yellow Fever.

Malaria Prevention

2Refers to Plasmodium falciparum malaria, unless otherwise noted.

3Tafenoquine can cause potentially life-threatening hemolysis in people with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Rule out G6PD deficiency with a quantitative laboratory test before prescribing tafenoquine to patients.

4Mosquito avoidance includes applying topical mosquito repellant, sleeping under an insecticide-treated mosquito net, and wearing protective clothing (e.g., long pants and socks, long-sleeve shirt). For additional details on insect bite precautions, see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods.

5Primaquine can cause potentially life-threatening hemolysis in people with G6PD deficiency. Rule out G6PD deficiency with a quantitative laboratory test before prescribing primaquine to patients.

6P. knowlesi is a malaria species with a simian (macaque) host. Human cases have been reported from most countries in Southwest Asia and are associated with activities in forest or forest-fringe areas. P. knowlesi has no known resistance to antimalarials.

Yellow Fever Maps

1Current as of November 2022. This is an update of the 2010 map created by the Informal WHO Working Group on the Geographic Risk of Yellow Fever.

2In 2017, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) expanded its YF vaccination recommendations for travelers going to Brazil because of a large YF outbreak in multiple states in that country. Please refer to the CDC Travelers’ Health website for more information and updated recommendations.

3YF vaccination is generally not recommended for travel to areas where the potential for YF virus exposure is low. Vaccination might be considered, however, for a small subset of travelers going to these areas who are at increased risk for exposure to YF virus due to prolonged travel, heavy exposure to mosquitoes, or inability to avoid mosquito bites. Factors to consider when deciding whether to vaccinate a traveler include destination-specific and travel-associated risks for YF virus infection; individual, underlying risk factors for having a serious YF vaccine–associated adverse event; and destination entry requirements.

The following authors contributed to the previous version of this chapter: Mark D. Gershman, Emily S. Jentes, Rhett J. Stoney (Yellow Fever) Kathrine R. Tan, Paul M. Arguin (Malaria)